【作者】 周婧；

【导师】 李晓春；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 西方经济学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 在许多发展中国家,基础设施企业大多是含有国有股份的混合制企业,其民营化是经济发展的大趋势。由于这类企业的产品同时兼具最终消费品和中间产品的特点,故而基础设施企业的部分民营化的实质是产业链的部分民营化。更重要的是,在整个经济社会发展过程中,基础设施产品发挥着举足轻重的作用,并且在整个市场上占有相当大的份额。这样的研究在既有研究成果中还不多见。本文在理论模型上运用一般均衡和比较静态分析的方法,从产品定价的视角,也就是从对两种用途:最终消费品和中间产品,统一定价和分别定价的角度,分析基础设施产业中混合制企业的民营化对其产品的消费量和作为中间投入品的使用量、失业率、农业工资和社会福利水平等方面的经济影响;在实证模型上,本文运用1996-2014年制造业分行业国有企业的经济数据,构建对数线性计量模型实证检验理论结果的正确性与合理性。本文的主要结论为:在一般均衡的理论框架下,提高基础设施混合制企业的民营化比例,在短期使得失业率上升、社会福利水平下降;长期中使得失业率下降;混合制企业产品差别化定价的情况下使得工业企业的产量上升;在实证分析的基础上,我们验证了进一步民营化会减少消费支出降低社会福利这一结论。本文的研究有助于更好地了解基础设施行业的国有企业民营化改革对发展中国家经济的影响,对于目前国有企业民营化所出现的问题进行解释与分析,并为政府是否采用差别定价的策略提供一些经济学角度的比较与建议。并通过两者的对比来发现我国民营化改革的现状和存在的困境,为正确评估我国国企改革、分析未来改革的方向、发现合理的改革路径提供了理论和实证基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are many mixed firms with state-owned part among infrastructure firms in many developing countries.Privatization is the major trend of economic development.Their products share a dual nature.On the one hand,they are final consumption for consumers.On the other hand,they are input for other manufacture enterprises.Therefore,in fact,the partial privatization of infrastructure firms is that of the industrial chain.More importantly,infrastructure goods play a significant role in the economic development.They also share a large part of cake in the whole market.However,there is few studies about this sort of topic in this field.In order to clarify the effects of mixed-ownership privatization in infrastructure sector,this paper establishes a three-sector model and consists of infrastructure mixed firm,industrial private firm and agricultural from the angle of pricing strategies between consumption and input.In other words,we analyze the effects of privatization on consumption part and input part of infrastructure production,industrial and agricultural productions,unemployment,wage,and price gap with different strategies--unified and differential pricing strategies.In terms of empirical analysis,we use the economic data of national firms in the manufacture industry from 1996 to 2014 to build log-linear model to testify the theoretical results.The reason why we study this issue from the perspective of pricing strategy is that it can not only meet the actual requirement of economic reform,but also make great contributions to related fields:we break the narrow premise that mixed firms and private firms produce homogeneous products,and incorporate the extending industrial chain of mixed firms into research structure.In other words,apart from researching the effects of privatizing mixed firms on themselves,we focus on downstream industries,general private firms.The main conclusions are:with further privatization,in the short term,unemployment increases and social welfare decreases;during the long term,unemployment decreases and industrial production increases with differentiated pricing strategy on infrastructure good.Based upon empirical analysis,we prove that further privatization reduces consuming payment so that social welfare decreases.The research in this paper provides a better understanding of the economic effects of privatization among mixed enterprises in infrastructure industry.We attempt to explain and analyze the current issues in the process of privatization,and try to help governors make the decision on whether they should use the differentiated pricing strategy.Comparing two cases,we can work on the current status and existed dilemma of privatization.We provide the solid foundation,theoretically and empirically,for evaluating situation,determining directions,and formulating practical policies.更多还原