【作者】 王杨；

【导师】 刘博；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 化学工程（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 温室效应给全球气候带来的影响越来越明显,而二氧化碳作为主要的温室气体越来越得到人们的关注,目前处理大气中过量二氧化碳的有效途径之一就是二氧化碳的捕获及封存技术,其中,在处理高浓度高温度的二氧化碳过量排放时,氧化钙基吸附剂以其理论吸附容量高、地球储量大、价格低廉等优点得到了研究者的广泛关注,但循环性能差的缺点限制了其进一步应用。本文主要研究增强氧化钙基吸附剂循环稳定性的问题,采用引入稳定剂锆酸钙并制成具有稳定结构的中空球的方法改变其易烧结的缺点。实验首先采用葡萄糖水热法合成了胶体碳球,分析了水热反应时间、反应物浓度和反应温度对其成球大小的影响并进行大量合成,随后以胶体碳球为模板合成了具有不同钙锆比例(1、49、99、399和999)的中空球吸附剂,通过XRD、SEM、TEM和TG等手段对其结构组成进行了表征,并研究了钙锆离子在碳球上的吸附行为和对吸附剂成球形的影响,最后在二氧化碳吸附／煅烧试验中,分别探讨了钙锆比例(1、49、99、399、999)、升温速率(50C/min、10℃/min、20℃/min)、吸附温度(650℃、700℃、750℃)、烧结温度(850℃、900℃、950℃)等条件对吸附剂循环稳定性的影响。结果表明,采用1mo1/L的葡萄糖溶液,180℃反应10h后可得所需的模板剂,在钙锆复合吸附剂合成中,锆离子的吸附能力要强于钙离子,过量的锆并不利于复合吸附剂的成球,在吸附性能测试中,当升温速率为5℃/min,钙锆比例为399,吸附温度为650℃、烧结温度为850℃时,吸附剂具有较好的循环性能,在经过100次循环时间长达12000min不间断的测试中,吸附剂依旧具有很好的循环性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 The greenhouse effect to the impact of the global climate is more and more obvious. Carbon dioxide which is the main greenhouse gas has obtained people’s continuous attention. Currently, one of the methods to deal with excessive carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is carbon dioxide capture and storage technology. In treatment of high concentration CO2 at high temperature, calcium oxide based adsorbents are widely used due to its high adsorption capacity, the large earth storage and the low cost. However, the poor reversibility performance in long cycle limits its further application.This paper focuses on enhancing the reversibility of calcium-based sorbent by introducing zirconium oxide stabilizer and establishing a stable structure. Firstly, the colloid carbon template was synthesized by hydrothermal of glucose. The influence of reaction time, concentration and temperature to prepare the template was studied. Subsequently the colloidal carbon was used to synthesize a different ratio of calcium and zirconium (1,49,99,399, and 999) of hollow adsorbent and the structure of the sorbents was characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM, EDAX and TG Then the adsorption behavior of the two metal ions on colloid carbon and the influence to the spheronization were also studied. Finally in carbon dioxide adsorption/calcination experiment, the influence of calcium/zirconium proportion (1,49,99,399,999), the elevation of temperature speed (5℃ /min,10℃/min,20℃/min), the adsorption temperature (650℃,700℃,750℃) and the calcination temperature (850℃,900℃, 950℃) to the reversibility of the sorbents were discussed.The results indicated that using 1mol/L glucose solution, after 10h under 180℃, the good carbon template could be obtained. During the preparation of the absorbent, the adsorption ability of zirconium ions was found much stronger than calcium ions and the excessive zirconium ions does not favor the formation of hollow structure. In adsorption performance test, when the elevation of temperature speed is 5℃/min, the calcium zirconium proportion is 399, the adsorption temperature is 650℃ and the calcination temperatures is 850℃, the absorbent could maintain the good reversibility. After 100 cycles more than 12000min uninterrupted test, the absorbent still could keep the good CO2 capacity.更多还原