【作者】 王宁；

【导师】 高东升；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业推广（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 针对设施桃品种存在的问题,本研究以日光温室栽培的油桃新品种‘鲁油1号’(Prunus persica var.Nectariana cv. Luyouyihao)、‘鲁油2号’(Prunus persica var. Nectariana cv.Luyouerhao)为试材,开展了设施油桃新品种‘鲁油1号’、‘鲁油2号’的性状观察及配套栽培技术措施研究,以‘曙光’(Prunus persica var. Nectariana cv.shuguang)、‘中油4号’(Prunus persica var. Nectariana cv.zhongyousihao)和‘中油5号’(Prunus persica var. Nectariana cv. zhongyouwuhao)为对照。主要结果如下：1、‘鲁油1号’系采用‘瑞光2号’作为母本,以‘春光’油桃、‘美味’油桃、‘双佛’混合花粉为父本杂交选育的早熟高糖设施油桃新品种。在山东地区日光温室栽培条件下,该品种需冷量较低,花芽需冷量为490C.H.、叶芽为478C.H.；树势旺,自花结实；果面玫瑰红色；硬溶质,耐贮运性良好；果实平均单果重147g,最大单果重273g,可溶性固形物含量是13.5%,果实硬度9.3kg/cm2,果实发育期73天左右,4月下旬成熟,适宜在山东地区进行设施栽培。2、‘鲁油2号’系采用‘瑞光3号’作为母本,以‘春光’油桃、‘美味’油桃、‘双佛’混合花粉为父本杂交选育的早熟高糖设施油桃新品种。在山东气候日光温室栽培条件下,该品种需冷量较低,花芽需冷量为485C.H.、叶芽为472C.H.；树势旺,自花结实；果面玫瑰红色；硬溶质,耐贮运性良好；果实平均单果重155g,最大单果重274g,可溶性固形物含量是13.7%,果实硬度8.8kg/cm2,果实发育期75天左右,4月下旬成熟,适宜在山东地区进行设施栽培。3、在山东地区日光温室栽培条件下,‘鲁油1号’、‘鲁油2号’、‘曙光’、‘中油4号’、‘中油5号’五个品种的综合性状表现来看,‘鲁油1号’、‘鲁油2号’的综合性状最好,需冷量低,色泽红润,着色全面,清香、脆甜、汁多,适于设施栽培。4、从品种选择,设施类型选择,建园,促长促花,扣棚前管理,人工破眠,棚室内管理研究,越夏更新,病虫害防治,采收与分级包装等方面总结了‘鲁油1号’、‘鲁油2号’的优质丰产高效配套栽培技术,提出适用于设施桃密植高效栽培,简化省工、操作简便、易于推广的“细柱形”树形结构及配套修剪技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking the protected nectarine varieties ’Luyou 1’,’Luyou 2’ as test materials, this experiment observed the characteristics and studied the matching techniques, ’shuguang’,’zhongyou 4’, and ’zhongyou 5’ as the controls. The main results were as follows.1. The new earlier mature and higher sugar characteristics,’Luyou1’ was bred by Shandong Agrucultural University Laboratory of Protected Pomology, using ’Ruiguang 2’ as female parent, mixing pollen including ’Chunguang’,’Meiwei’ and ’Shuangfo’ as male parent. The chilling requirement of this variety was lower than control, of which the blossom bud was 490C.H, and leaf bud 478C.H. The tree vigor is balancing, self-fruitful, rose-red fruit surface, hard solute, good tolerant to estorage and transportation. Average single fruit weight was 147g and likely to reach the maximum height of 273g. Total soluble solid was 13.5%, fruit hardness is 9.3kg/cm. Fruit development period was about 73 d, and mature period was in the end of April. It is suitable to grow inside greenhouse in Shandong.2. The new earlier mature and higher sugar characteristics,’Luyou 2’ was bred by Shandong Agrucultural University Laboratory of Protected Pomology, using’Ruiguang 3’as female parent, mixing pollen including ’Chunguang’,’Meiwei’ and ’Shuangfo’ as male parent. The chilling requirement of this variety was lower, of which the blossom bud was 485C.H, and leaf bud 472 C.H. The tree vigor is balancing, self-fruitful, rose-red fruit surface, hard solute, good tolerant to storage and transportation. Average single fruit weight was 155g and largest 274g. Total soluble solid was 13.7%, fruit hardness is 8.8kg/cm2. Fruit development period was about 75 d, and mature period was in the end of April. It is suitable to grow inside greenhouse in Shandong.3.In Shandong, comprehensive characteristics of ’Luyou 1’ and ’Luyou 2’ were both better than ’Shuguang’,’Zhonyou 4’ and ’Zhongyou 5’, which with lower chilling requirement, fully red fruit color, faint scent, crispy and sweet.4. Summerising matching cultivatial techniques of high qualities and yield in ’Luyou 1’ and ’Luyou 2’ from varienties choose, facilities type, garden construction, growth and flower promotion, management before covering the greenhouse, artificial dormancy breaking, indoor management, over-summer, pest and disease control, harvest, classification and packing, etc. The new ’Thin Column type’ and matching prune techniques, which was suitable for close planting, simpler operation, labor saving and easy popularized.更多还原