高职职业生涯教育问题研究

【作者】 刘婧；

【导师】 耿成义；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 职业技术教育学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 高职院校是我国技能型人才的重要培养基地,实现高职学生的充分就业,是高职院校自身持续发展和促进社会经济进步的重要条件,但随着市场经济的迅速发展和高等教育进入到大众化阶段,高等教育毕业生的就业问题日渐凸显。高职毕业生作为普通高等教育中较为特殊的一个群体,他们与本科生相比,在学历层次、文化基础等方面处于劣势,迫使其就业形势更为严峻,这给与就业紧密相关的高职职业生涯教育带来了挑战。高职职业生涯教育是高职学生能否顺利就业的重要一环,它承担着传递职业理论、指导就业实践、培养职业道德等任务。目前,我国高职职业生涯教育尚处于初级阶段,与国外相比还有较大差距,完善职业生涯教育中存在的问题,不仅是解决高职学生就业问题的迫切要求,更是高职学生发展自我、提升求职竞争力、实现职业生涯良性发展的必然趋势。舒伯自我概念发展理论推动了国际上从“人职匹配”的就业指导形式到注重个体生涯持续发展的职业生涯教育的转变,作为指导个体职业生涯教育和个人职业生涯规划的重要理论之一,对我国高职职业生涯教育的完善有着重要的借鉴意义。舒伯生涯发展理论系统是以自我概念为核心,并融合职业成熟度、决策点、发展阶段理论及个人角色等相互作用从而促进个体的职业生涯发展,突出强调了个体自我概念在职业生涯发展中的核心地位和建构作用。在高职职业生涯教育和学生自身职业生涯规划中亦是如此,高职学生处于主体地位,职业生涯教育的作用和功能只有通过学生发挥出的效果才是高职职业生涯教育实际的效果,高职学生在职业生涯教育中存在的问题直接反映了高职学生职业规划的水平,更是间接地反映了高职院校职业生涯教育的问题所在。本研究基于高职学生在职业生涯教育中的主体地位和重要作用,以舒伯自我概念发展理论为切入点,从学生的视角出发通过问卷调查法发现高职学生在职业生涯教育中存在的问题和高职院校职业生涯教育的现状。在了解高职职业教育存在问题后,从职业生涯教育的两大主体入手,即以高职学生和学校两方面为主线进行原因分析,并尝试针对问题和原因提出有效对策。学生自身要从自我概念系统、职业成熟度及对职业生涯教育认知三方面提高自身职业生涯规划能力,高职院校要从教育理念、课程内容、组织机构与形式、师资备配以及评价体系五方面予以学生外部支持,从而改善高职职业生涯教育,实现高职学生自身职业生涯的良好发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vocational College is an important training base of skilled personnel. Vocational students achieve employment is an important condition for the development of higher vocational colleges themselves and promote socio-economic progress.But with rapid economic development and popularization of higher education, universities employment issues become fierce. As a general higher vocational graduates in particular a group,vocational students have a disadvantage in employment.Career Education is an important part of student,s employment, and it bears transfering theory, guiding employment practices,and training other tasks ethics. At present, our Vocational Education Career has a large gap with foreign countries. Improve Career Education problems is not only to solve the employment problem, but also to enhance their job competitiveness and achieve career development.Super career development theory promoted from the "person level match" employment guidance to shift focus on personal career development career education. As an important theoretical guidance for career education development, Super career development has an important reference to our vocational career education. Super entire career development theory is based on self-concept as the core, combined with career maturity, decision points,stage of development and the theory of the interaction of individual roles,and highlighted the important role of individual self-concept in career development.Students is important to Career Vocational Education, and students career planning level is the actual effect of Higher Education Career.Students in Higher Education Career Problems directly reflects the level of vocational students career planning, but also indirectly reflects the problem of higher vocational colleges Career Education.This study was based on the importance of vocational students in career education,combined with Super career development theory.This study From the student’s perspective to identify problems of Higher Education Career through questionnaires.After the problem is understood, from the two main career education, vocational students and schools that is both cause analysis and taste test to propose effective responses to the problems and causes.Individual students from cognitive career education, improve self-concept system,improve the professional maturity in three areas to improve their own. Vocational colleges from the educational philosophy, curriculum content, organization, teacher evaluationsystem and be prepared with external support in order to promote the development of Higher Education Career.We hope that through this research can improve the career vocational education, vocational students to achieve good development of their own careers.更多还原