【作者】 易瑜；

【导师】 汤静；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 旅游管理， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 在都市市民精神需求与乡村地区经济发展需求的刺激下、政府从上而下大力引导下,乡村旅游呈现蓬勃发展的趋势。乡村旅游的发展带来了农村经济环境的改善,但也潜藏着很多矛盾和问题,在开发过程中出现了一系列问题,譬如,农村土地“飞地”化问题、农村城市化问题、非城非农化问题、乡村空心化问题、商业化问题、农民收益边缘化问题、旅游产品同质化问题、旅游产品低层次化等问题,这些问题的实质就是乡村旅游可持续发展问题。乡村旅游可持续发展问题引起学者的广泛关注,成为研究热点。本文在前人研究的基础上,以宁乡县关山村为研究对象,基于旅游可持续发展的思想和理论,从旅游区居民的视角,研究居民对旅游发展影响的感知及态度差异,从而让居民真正成为旅游发展的主体,成为主要受益者,实现发展乡村旅游的初衷,达到既满足当代生活水平提高的要求,又能使旅游地环境资源得以保护、乡村文化得以传承,保持持续吸引力,使乡村旅游得以可持续发展。文章通过文献查阅、问卷调查、实地访谈,结合定量分析与定性分析,发现在乡村旅游可持续发展中仍然面临许多问题：乡村旅游经济可持续发展方面,关山村居民享受到了旅游开发、建设与经营带来的福利,但是物价上涨、贫富差距拉大、旅游类收益占家庭收入比重低也是关山村旅游经济可持续发展所面临的现实问题；乡村旅游环境可持续发展方面,乡村旅游的规划与开发确实给关山村的景观、绿化、居住环境、排污以及居民环境资源保护意识带来了很大的变化,在环境污染和空气质量方面关山村居民还能接受,但在环境保护方面仍然有待努力和改进；乡村旅游社会文化可持续发展方面,旅游对当地的社会文化传承起到了很好的效果,在让农村变得开放的同时,也发掘和传承了当地的文化,但是在政群关系上,从数据分析与比较看来,并没有在意识和行动上达成一致,尤其是针对旅游收益分配和旅游开发规划方面存在一定的争议,相当一部分村民并不能完全认同政府政策与发展规划,也对当前的旅游收益状况表达不满。因此在关山村居民对乡村旅游可持续发展经济、环境、社会文化三方面的感知基础上,对如何利用乡村旅游发展的契机来改变贫富差距、改善生活环境、协调政群关系提出了行之有效的对策和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the stimulation of the spiritual needs of the people in the city and the economic development needs of rural areas, Under the guidance of government policies from the top down, rural tourism is in full swing to flourish. Development of rural tourism has brought to improve the rural economy, but also hidden a lot of contradictions and problems, there has been a series of problems in the development process, such as rural land "enclave" of the problem, the problem of rural urbanization, non-city non-agricultural issues, rural issues hollow, commercialization, farm income marginalization, tourism product homogeneity problem, the low level of tourism products and other issues, the substance of these problems is the sustainable development of rural tourism. Rural tourism sustainable development issues attracted wide attention of scholars, become a hot topic.Based on previous research, took Ningxiang County GuanShan Village as a case for the study, based on ideas and theories of sustainable tourism development, from the perspective of the tourism district residents, the study want to find the differences in perception and attitudes that affected tourism development, thus so that residents really become the main tourism development has become the main beneficiaries, achieve development of rural tourism in mind, to meet both the requirements of contemporary living standards, but also to make tourism resources and to protect the environment, and rural culture can be passed, sustained attract force, so that rural tourism to sustainable development. Through literature review, questionnaires, field interviews, combined with quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, the study found that in rural tourism sustainable development still faces many problems:in aspect of the sustainable economic development of rural tourism, GuanShan Village residents enjoy the tourism development, construction and bring business benefits, but the price increases, the gap between rich and poor is widening, tourism class gains a low proportion of household income; in aspect of the environmental sustainability of rural tourism, The planning and development of rural tourism has brought great changes to village landscape, green, living environment, pollution, environmental resource protection awareness, and in terms of environmental pollution and air quality GuanShan Village residents can accept, but in environmental protection aspects still to be hard work and improvement; in aspect of social and cultural sustainable development in rural tourism, it have played a very good effect to social life and cultural heritage in the local population, the rural become open, but also to explore and heritage of the local culture, but in the political group relation, from data analysis and comparison of opinion, there has no consensus on the awareness and action, especially for the tourism income distribution planning and development of tourism there is a certain controversy, a considerable part of the villagers did not fully agree with government policies and development plans, but also on the current situation of tourism receipts to express their dissatisfaction. So on the off village residents perception of rural tourism based economic, environmental, social and cultural three aspects of sustainable development, rural tourism development opportunities how to change the wealth gap, improving the living environment, coordinating government relations group made effective countermeasures and suggestions.更多还原