【作者】 李磊；

【导师】 徐爱功； 祝会忠；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁工程技术大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 以长距离网络RTK算法为主的基于大范围CORS网的区域增强系统,不仅可以减少建设基准站网的成本,而且可以解决建设基准站比较困难地方的网络RTK系统建设问题。本文对长距离网络RTK算法的定位理论和各类误差处理方法做了系统的介绍和研究,首先研究和解决了长距离(测站间距一般100-200km)基准站整周模糊度的确定问题,然后进行高精度区域误差模型的建立、观测值误差改正数的计算及流动站观测误差的改正,进而研究了流动站整周模糊度的动态解算方法,最后对本文的算法进行程序实现,并使用实测数据进行算法实验。本文的主要研究内容和成果有：(1)讨论了基于大范围CORS网的GNSS实时定位的有关理论基础,包括GNSS载波相位和伪距观测值及其观测方程、GNSS定位观测方程的线性化。介绍了GNSS定位中各种误差的特性及其误差处理方法,重点分析介绍了网络RTK定位中对各种误差的处理方法,主要是与距离相关性较强的GNSS卫星轨道误差、电离层延迟误差和以对流层延迟为主的中性大气延迟误差的处理方法。(2)深入研究了基于大范围CORS网的GNSS实时定位算法的整周模糊度确定理论和算法,在此基础上提出了长距离基准站间整周模糊度的快速解算算法。重点研究了长距离基准站所包含的较大区域范围内的误差处理方法和观测值的误差改正理论。在长距离基准站整周模糊度固定的基础上,详细地介绍了利用综合误差改正的方法计算较大区域范围内误差改正数。研究了常用的整周模糊度解算方法,提出了流动站整周模糊度的解算方法。(3)对本文提出的算法使用C++编程语言进行程序实现和软件编制。使用实测CORS网的观测数据对各算法进行实验检验和结果分析,流动站用户能够得到厘米级定位结果,证明了本文算法具有很好的可用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Local area augmentation system based on large-scale CORS network which mainly takes long rang network RTK algorithm, not only can reduce the construction cost of base stations, but also can resolve the problem of network RTK system construction in the region where we have difficulties in the base stations construction. The positioning theories of long range network RTK and methods of processing all kinds of errors are introduced and researched fully in this dissertation. The resolution of ambiguities between long range base stations (generally 100-200km) are firstly researched and completed. Then the high-precision model of regional errors is established, the error corrections of observations are calculated and the errors on rovers are removed. Meanwhile the methods of dynamic ambiguities resolution on rovers are researched. Finally, the program of the algorithms in this thesis is implemented, and the algorithm is evaluated by test data. The main contents and results of this dissertation are composed by the following parts:(1) The foundational positioning theories of GNSS real-time positioning algorithm using large-scale CORS network, including GNSS carrier phase and pseudo range observations and observation equations, the linearization of GNSS observation equations are discussed. The characteristics of GNSS positioning errors and the processing methods of these errors are introduced. The processing methods of the errors in network RTK positioning, especially the errors which are relative to the long distance such as GNSS satellite orbit error, ionosphere delay error and neutral atmosphere delay error which is mainly troposphere delay, are analyzed in detail.(2) The theories and algorithms of integer ambiguities resolution for GNSS real-time positioning algorithm using large-scale CORS network are deeply researched. On the base of this work, the algorithm of integer ambiguities instantaneous resolution for long-range reference stations is proposed. The methods of errors processing and error corrections theories of observations in the large area which is covered by long range base stations are mainly studied. On the basis of integer ambiguities fixed for long range reference stations, the methods of calculating error corrections in large area by the combined errors are introduced in detail. The methods of frequently-used integer ambiguities resolution are researched. Then the integer ambiguity resolution method for rovers is proposed.(3) The algorithms in this dissertation are programmed and the software has been developed by C++ language. Then the algorithms test and the results analysis are implemented by observation data of CORS net. And the positioning results are at centimeter level. It is proved that the algorithms have good usability in this dissertation.更多还原