【作者】 王洋；

【导师】 姜华；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 我国大学自主招生制度自2001年开始试行至今已有十余年之久了,到2011年已有86所大学实行自主招生考试,这其中研究型大学占了大部分比例。现阶段,不论是在招生过程中还是招生成果上都取得了一定的成效。但是随着大学自主招生制度的不断变革和深入,对自主招生的质疑和批评也随之而来。从哲学的角度来讲,事物是在曲折发展中不断前进的,事物发展是前进性与曲折性的统一,这告诉我们任何事物的成长都不是一帆风顺的。事物在达到质变的过程必然要使量变达到一定的积累。所以,面对国内大学自主招生过程中出现的问题和不足,我们不能一味的批评和质疑,而应该通过借鉴成功的例子结合自身的情况分析利弊,提出具体的改革建议。美国属于地方分权制国家,美国著名的研究型大学不实行全国统一招生考试制度,它的招生模式是完全自主的。但是,由于地区之间、院校之间不同,他们的招生制度有所差异,但大的趋势是相同的。那就是：拥有高度的招生自主权,坚持精英主义的教育理念,全世界范围内招收有才能的学生,努力创建多元化的校园环境,采取多样化的招生标准和灵活的招生方法,并且具有严格的招生监督机制。本文选取十所著名的美国研究型大学进行具体和深刻的个案分析,来加深对美国一流大学招生模式的理解。本文主要采用了文献研究法和比较法,通过阅读文献,找到很多关于美国招生模式和国内自主招生模式的文章,通过归纳总结美国著名研究型大学招生模式的发展问题和原因,可以对我国研究型大学自主招生模式提出有针对性的对策建议。文章第五章对我国研究型大学自主招生模式进行了详尽的梳理,分析我国自主招生模式发展过程中存在的问题,并且根据问题提出了有针对性的对策,以促进大众化背景下我国高等教育的顺利开展。总之,自主招生在现阶段是必须要发展的,不能仅拘泥于现状,也不能盲目借鉴外国经验,需要在之前教育经验的基础上不断探索真正适合我国教育国情的招生模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is about more than ten years since the independent recruitment system has been trial in the universities of our country in 2001.86 universities have carried out the admission system and most of the universities are research universities. At the present stage, the admission system has achieved some achievements. However, with the constantly reform and development of the independent recruitment system, the doubt and criticism also comes along. In the philosophical perspective, things are going in the tortuous way, and the development of things must go through difficulties and setbacks. The qualitative transformation needs the quantitative accumulation. Therefore, facing the problems and shortcomings of the self-admissions in the domestic research universities, blind criticism is not objective. The successful experience can be the reference to put forward specific proposals for reform according to the context after analyzing the pros and cons.America is the typically decentralized country. There is no unified national college enrollment system and the admission is absolutely autonomous. Though the enrollment systems are different from states to states, districts to districts, colleges to colleges, there are also some similarities as follows. Universities are autonomous. They persist the philosophy of elitism education, seek the achieved students around the world, devote to the diversified community, adopt diversity admissions standards, and establish strict supervision mechanism. The thesis selects 10 famous American research universities to make case analysis deeply and concretely, and understand the world first-class university enrollment system deeply.This paper mainly adopts the literature research and comparative method. By reading a number of literatures about American and the domestic independent recruitment, the problems of American famous research university enrollment models are summarized and the causes of the problems are analyzed. Then, some countermeasures are put forward for the reform of independent recruitment in our nation’s research university. In the last part of the paper, the independent recruitment models of our research university are reviewed systematically. Then, the problems of the independent recruitment are analyzed and the countermeasures are proposed to promote our higher education in the context of higher education popularization.In short, the independent recruitment should not just stick to the present models, but to be developed. Of course, the reform doesn’t mean just drawing lessons from foreign experience, but combining self-experience and the special context to explore the suitable admission models.更多还原