【作者】 蔡超；

【导师】 蒋洪波；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 室内定位技术随着位置服务(Location Based Service)的兴起而越来越受观注。在大型超市、商场、小区、展会等复杂的室内环境中,室内定位技术能够帮助用户获知自己所在的位置,更好地确定行进路线;在采矿行业、火灾现场等场合,室内定位技术能及时的确定受困人员的位置,以便更好进行搜救工作。在其它很多领域,室内定位技术同样有着广泛的应用,发挥着巨大的作用。然而,传统的基于WiFi的单源室内定位虽然成本低、易部署的特点得到了广泛的应用,但其定位精度不高。为此,本文主要讨论多源室内定位系统的设计与实现。首先本文设计了一种多源室内定位算法,算法的多源体现在算法采用了声音、Wi Fi和加速度多个信息源,且算法不仅仅是对这些多源信息进行简单的融合处理,而是利用多源的信息提出一种新型的定位框架。该算法充分利用目标用户周围一些静态用户的位置信息来协助完成目标用户位置的确定。首先在定位区内找寻一些移动频率较低的静态用户,将他们作为基站(Beacon),并事先确定这些Beacon的位置。然后利用声音测距的方法计算待定位目标用户与这些Beacon间的距离,最后利用三边定位法求出目标用户的位置。同单源WiFi定位系统一样,多源室内定位系统不需要任何额外硬件的部署,然而它的定位精度却有明显的改善。接着,本文给出了该室内定位算法的系统实现。该实现方案基于客户端/服务器的架构,服务器后台程序运行在Linux平台上,采用JAVA平台开发;客户端基于Android平台,本文实现了一款APP原型。最后在办公室环境对本文提出的多源室内定位系统进行了详细的测试。实验结果表明,本文提出的多源室内定位系统的平均定位误差在3M左右,相比传统的单源WiFi室内定位,在精度上有了明显的提升。更多还原

【Abstract】 Indoor positioning technology recently has been more and more popular with the rise of location-based services(LBS). In supermarkets, shopping malls, residential exhibition and other complex indoor environments, indoor positioning technology allows users to know their location, to better define the route; in the mining industry, the fire scene and other occasions, indoor positioning technology can timely determining the location of trapped persons, which provide useful information to carry out search and rescue work. In many other areas, indoor positioning technology also has a wide range of applications. However, despite its low cost and easy deployment, traditional single source WiFi fingerprint based indoor positioning technology has a very coarse localization accuracy. So this paper aims at designing a multi-source indoor localization system.Under this circumstance, this paper propose a multi-source indoor location techniques. The multi-source for this algorithm is reflected in its usages of sensor data. It utilizes sensor data of sound, WiFi, accelerator. And it isn’t just the simple combination of this sensor information. It uses these sensor information proposing a new indoor localization structure. This new indoor localization scheme smartly utilizes the location information of the surrounding stationary peers to assist localization. This innovative approach first filter out those devices which has a high probability to remain static. These static peers will be employed as beacons. After pinning down the location of these beacons, an acoustic method will be applied to estimate the distances between the beacons and target. Finally, trilateration will be utilized to localize the target. Compared with fingerprint method, our proposed algorithm also doesn’t need to place any anchors in the place of interest but it can achieve a far more better localization result.Based on the previous theory, we give an implementation of our proposed system. It is a client/server based architecture. The server runs on the Linux platform which is written in JAVA. The client side is on Android platform and we have already developed an application prototype.We validate our proposed scheme in our office environment. Our scheme has an average localization error of three meters which is obviously superior over traditional Wi Fi fingerprinting method.更多还原