【作者】 李辉；

【导师】 丁劲锋； 康宜华；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 目前用于角度测量的传感器很多,原理方法各不相同,性能也有很大的差别。同时,基于新的原理的角度测量方法层出不穷。磁致伸缩位移传感器具有高精度、高可靠性、非接触测量、无磨损、寿命长、抗干扰能力强等优点,在测量领域发挥了无可替代的作用。本文首先介绍了磁致伸缩位移传感器的工作原理,在此基础上提出了基于电磁导波的角位移测量方法。在机理上,仿真分析了圆柱形磁铁的磁场,对比分析了磁铁垂直和水平于波导丝时信号的表现形式及信号叠加效果;然后分析了环形波导丝中应力应变的对应关系,实验研究了弹塑性弯曲变形对扭转波信号的影响,在此基础上提出了环形波导丝的制作方法。然后从机械结构、硬件电路两个方面对传感器进行了设计。在机械结构方面,首先分析了盲区产生的原因,提出了两种消除盲区的方法并做了对比,开展了波导丝固定盘的结构设计和参数优化;然后实验探究了永磁体提离值对信号幅值的影响,对比了不同强度的磁化下信号幅值随提离值的变化规律,对磁铁的选取和提离值优化进一步设计;给出传感器总体结构。在硬件电路方面,主要包括电源、激励脉冲发生电路、信号滤波放大电路、比较整形电路等设计,并对电路参数进行了优化设计。最后对传感器进行了装配,对输出信号进行了测试。结果表明,基于磁致伸缩导波原理的角位移传感器,输出信号一致性较好,信噪比较高,量程可达360°。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently, there are many sensors for angle measurement.The method they use are different and the performance is also very different. At the same time, new methods of angle measurement based on new principles are invented one after another.The magnetostrictive displacement sensor(MDS) is widely used in the measurement field because of its high precision,high reliability and security, free maintenance and self revision.This paper firstly introduces the operational principle of magnetostrictive displacement sensor and then proposes a new method of angular displacement measurement based on the magnetostrictive theory. In the mechanism, the paper firstly analyzes the magnetic field of the cylindrical magnet and compares the signals when the magnet is vertical and parallel to the waveguide wire. The stress-strain relationship of the circular waveguide wire is then analyzed and the influence of elastic deformation and plastic deformation on torsional wave signals is studied by experiment.The paper then tells how to manufacture the circular waveguide wire to get the best signal.After that,we conduct the design of magnetostrictive angular displacement sensor from two following aspects: mechanical structure and circuit. In terms of the mechanical structure,the reason for the blind area is analyzed,then two solutions to eliminate it are proposed and their performances are compared.As the main parts of the sensor,the structure of a disk is designed to fix the waveguide wire.The variation of the signal with the lift-off of the magnet is studied by experiment.A mechanism which can rotate surround the circular waveguide wire is designed.After that,the overall structure of the sensor is given.The hardware design includes power supply design,the excitation pulse generating circuit design, signal amplification and filter circuit.At last,the sensor is assembled and the performance is tested.The result of the test indicates that the magnetostrictive angular displacement sensor has high accuracy and stability,and high value.更多还原