【作者】 李颖；

【导师】 黄天柱；

【作者基本信息】 陕西科技大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 要实现农业现代化必须依靠科技进步。我国每年约有6000-7000项农业科技成果问世,但是科技成果转化为现实生产力的只有30%-40%,与发达国家70%-80%的先进水平还有很大的差距。陕西省作为我国西北地区重要的省份,虽然农业科技推广方面取得了一定成就,但是还存在许多的不足之处。因此,如何对当前的农业科技推广服务体系进行创新以及提高农业科技成果转化率显得尤为重要,构建富有成效的农业科技推广服务体系对于陕西现代农业的发展具有重要意义。目前,陕西省的农业科技推广服务体系已初具规模,代表性的有：“平利模式”、“农业科技专家大院”模式、“金坤模式”、“大荔模式"。这些农技推广服务体系的形成对于陕西农业科技成果的转化起到了极大的促进作用。同时也发现,这些农技推广服务体系也存在着管理体制设置不合理、技术需求与供给主体行为目标不一致、资金投入保障不足、农技推广服务人员整体力量薄弱等问题。本文通过对陕北、关中以及陕南地区177户家庭进行调研,根据统计数据,对陕西农业科技推广服务供需状况进行了描述,找出影响农民对农业科技需求的影响因素,并通过SEM模型对影响农民农业科技需求的因素进行验证分析。结果得到验证：对陕西农业科技推广服务有影响的是知识共享、农民对农技服务的信任、沟通、冲突,对其没有影响的是农技推广服务信息的有效传递。基于实证分析,本文提出构建陕西新型农业科技推广服务体系,以期加快陕西农业科技成果转化为现实生产力的速度,达到提高农民生活水平和农业收入的目的。新体系主要包括指导思想、构建原则、构建目标、构建内容以及运行机制。本文中的新型农业科技推广服务体系中主要构建了在政府宏观调控平台主导下的六大平台,即政府公益性科技服务平台、农业专业技术服务平台、企业科技服务平台、农业科研教育平台、农民知识共享平台、农业科技推广服务宣传平台。对于新型农业科技推广服务体系的运行机制,本文主要从管理机制、激励机制、供需协调机制以及制度保障机制四个方面进行了阐述。此外,本文提出的政策建议主要有：(1)积极推进政府农技推广机构的改革和发展；(2)完善农技推广服务供需机制,解决农技推广供需脱节的矛盾；(3)培育多元化农村科技服务组织,鼓励农业科技服务模式创新；(4)加大财政支持力度,建立农技推广服务资金投入的长效机制；(5)建立有效的农民科技教育和培训制度,提升农业劳动力综合素质；(6)加强农技推广服务人才队伍建设。更多还原

【Abstract】 To realize the modernization of agriculture development, we must rely on science and technology progress. About 6000-7000 agricultural science and technology achievements publish every year in our country, but the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into realistic productivity only 30%-40%.Compared with the developed countries, there are still large gaps between the 70%-80%. Shaanxi province is an important province in northwest area of China, although the popularization of agricultural science and technology has made some achievements, but there are still many shortcomings. Therefore, how to carry on the popularization of agricultural science and technology service system and improve the current innovation of agricultural science and technology achievements transformation rate are particularly important. The construction of agricultural science and technology extension service system productive is very important for the development of modern agriculture in Shaanxi.At present, the promotion of agricultural science and technology service system has begun to take shape in Shaanxi province; there are some the representatives, such as "Pingli mode", "agricultural technology expert’s compound" mode, "Jinkun pattern", "Dali mode". The formation of these agricultural extension service system play a great role in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of Shaanxi agriculture. At the same time, we found that there are also some problems in the system of agricultural extension services, such as the unreasonable of the management system, technology demand and supply main body behavior target are inconsistent, the problem of fund investment inadequate protection, agricultural extension service personnel’s overall strength is weak etc.By the investigation on the Northern Shaanxi, the Guanzhong and South Shaanxi area of 177 households. According to the statistical data, Shaanxi agricultural extension service supply and demand situation has been described to identify the factors of affecting the demand of farmers on agricultural science and technology, and to validate the factors of affecting farmers’agricultural science and technology by SEM model. The results are verified:knowledge sharing, farmers on Agricultural Service trust, communication, conflict management have great effect on the promotion of Shaanxi agricultural science and technology service influence is but the efficient transfer of agricultural extension service information has little effect on it.Based on the empirical analysis, this paper put forward the construction of new agricultural science and technology extension service system in Shaanxi in order to accelerate the speed of scientific and technological achievements into practical productive forces. The new system mainly including the guiding ideology, construction principles, construction goal, construction content and operation mechanism. In this paper, the model of agricultural science and technology extension service system,where the main building six platform in the government macroeconomic regulation and control platform are under the leading of government, namely public technology service platform, agricultural professional technical service platform, enterprise technology service platform, farmers, agricultural research and education platform for knowledge sharing platform, the popularization of agricultural science and technology service platform for propaganda. For a new running mechanism of agricultural science and technology extension service system, this paper mainly from the following four aspects to state, which are the management mechanism, incentive mechanism, supply and demand coordination mechanism and system guarantee mechanism. In addition, this paper put forward the following policy recommendations:(1) to actively promote the reform and development of government agricultural extension agencies; (2) improve the Agricultural Technology Extension Service Supply and demand mechanism, solve the contradiction between the supply and demand of the agricultural technology extension; (3) cultivating diversified rural technology service organization, encouraging agricultural science and technology service model innovation; (4) increase the financial support, the establishment of long-term mechanism of agricultural extension services in investment funds; (5) the establishment of effective farmer science and technology education and training system, improve the comprehensive quality of the agricultural labor force; (6) strengthening agricultural technology extension and service personnel team更多还原