【作者】 张涛；

【导师】 谢广文；

【作者基本信息】 青岛科技大学 ， 材料学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 氢的燃烧产物为水,被认为是一种最理想的新世纪无污染的绿色能源。大气中并不存在氢气,但是水中储存了大量的氢气。目前,从水中电解得到氢气是比较常用的方法,但是需要消耗很大的电能,成本很高。寻找一种方便且廉价的制备氢气方法,已成为能源和环境科学工作者梦寐以求的愿望。日本学者Fujishima和Honda[1]报道了利用TiO2作为光电极,紫外光照射下光催化分解水产生氢气,开创了光解水制氢的研究历史。在本文中首先以钛酸四正丁酯和硝酸锶分别做为钛源和锶源,采用溶剂热法合成了片状钛酸锶粉末,然后以片状钛酸锶为其中一种半导体光催化材料,通过水热法与三元硫化物复合,制备异质结光催化材料。1)通过水热法制备出不同摩尔比例的SrTiO3/ZnxCd1-xS异质结光催化材料,随后调整x的值(0、0.2、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.8、1)制备出不同Zn/Cd摩尔比例的系列样品。通过X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM),X射线光电子能谱(XPS),紫外-可见(UV-Vis)分光光谱等技术对系列样品进行物理表征。通过在可见光下进行光解水制氢性能测试得到样品的最佳产氢量,结果表明:SrTiO3和ZnxCd1-xS复合之后,能够形成良好的异质结体系,SrTiO3复合ZnxCd1-xS能有效增强其光解水制氢性能,其中SrTiO3/Zn0.6Cd0.4S的摩尔比例为1:5的异质结材料表现出最好的可见光光解水制氢性能,循环稳定后氢气产率为5.3 mmol·g-1·h-1。2)通过一步沉淀法制备出不同摩尔比例的SrTiO3/ZnxCd1-xS异质结光催化材料,随后调整x的值(0、0.2、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.8、1)制备出不同Zn/Cd摩尔比例的系列样品。通过X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),紫外-可见(UV-Vis)分光光谱等技术对系列样品进行物理表征。通过可见光下光解水制氢的产量进行光催化性能的测试,结果表明:低温水热制备的SrTiO3/ZnxCd1-xS异质结光催化材料,能明显增强其光解水制氢性能,其中SrTiO3/Zn0.5Cd0.5S的摩尔比例为1:1的异质结材料表现出最好的可见光光解水制氢性能,最佳氢气产率为349.6μmol?g-1?h-1。3)通过水热法制备出不同摩尔比例的SrTiO3/AgIn5S8异质结光催化材料,通过X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),紫外-可见(UV-Vis)分光光谱等技术对系列样品进行物理表征。通过可见光下光解水制氢的产量进行光催化性能的测试,结果表明:SrTiO3和AgIn5S8复合后,形成的异质结材料能有效增强其光解水制氢性能,其中SrTiO3/AgIn5S8的摩尔比例为10:1的异质结材料表现出最好的可见光光解水制氢性能,最佳氢气产率为70.45μmol?g-1?h-1。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because water is the only product of combustion of hydrogen, it has generally been considered to be the best pollution-free green energy in the new century. Hydrogen does not exist in the atmosphere, but exists in large quantities in a variety of water. Currently, producing hydrogen by water electrolysis is a mature technology, but this method requires a lot of energy supply and high cost. It has been a desire for researchers in energy and environmental science to find a convenient and inexpensive method for the production of hydrogen. Japanese scholars Fujishima and Honda [1] reported the use of TiO2 as a photoelectrode for photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen gas under UV irradiation, which created the study of photocatalytic hydrogen production in history.In this paper, tetrabutyl titanate and strontium nitrate were firstly used as the main raw material to prepare sheet-like strontium titanate powder by solvothermal method. Then, a sheet of strontium titanate used as one semiconductor photocatalytic material were compounded with ternary sulfides to prepare heterojunction photocatalytic material by hydrothermal method.1) The heterojunction structure SrTiO3/ZnxCd1-xS with different molar ratio was prepared by hydrothermal method. Finally, the samples with different molar ratio of Zn、Cd were obtained by adjusted the value of x(0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1). The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Photocatalytic hydrogen production of the samples had been investigated in the presence of visible light. The results showed that SrTiO3 compounding ZnxCd1-xS could effectively enhance the hydrogen production performance of water photolysis. The heterojunction structure SrTiO3/Zn0.6Cd0.4S with the molar ratio of 1:5 had the maximum photocatalytic activity for H2 production. The hydrogen production rate after cycles was 5.3 mmol?g-1?h-1.2) The heterojunction structure SrTiO3/ZnxCd1-x S with different molar ratio was prepared by one step coprecipitating method. Finally, the samples with different molar ratio of Zn、Cd were obtained by adjusted the value of x(0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1). The results showed that photocatalytic material of heterojunction structure SrTiO3/ZnxCd1-xS prepared by low hydrothermal method could significantly enhance the performance of photocatalytic hydrogen production. SrTiO3/Zn0.5Cd0.5S with the molar ratio of 1:1 has the maximum photocatalytic activity for H2 production and the hydrogen production rate was 349.6 μmol?g-1?h-1.3) The heterojunction structure SrTiO3/AgIn5S8 with different molar ratio was prepared by hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Photocatalytic hydrogen generation of the samples has been investigated in the presence of visible light. The results showed that the complex of SrTiO3 and Ag In5S8 are heterojunction material and could effectively enhance the photolysis of water into hydrogen. The heterojunction structure SrTiO3/AgIn5S8 with the molar ratio of 10:1 has the maximum photocatalytic activity for H2 production and the hydrogen production rate was 70.45 μmol?g-1?h-1.更多还原