【作者】 赵欣；

【导师】 朴光哲；

【作者基本信息】 青岛科技大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 C₆₀是上世纪八十年代发现的新型碳素材料,因为其独特的中空结构和共轭大π键结构,曾在上世纪末掀起一阵科研热潮,但是C₆₀分子的零维结构逐渐成为限制其应用拓展的关键因素。受到诸如碳纳米管的启发,科研工作者开始尝试将C₆₀分子组装成为一维的碳素纳米材料,并将其称为富勒烯纳米纤维（fullerene nanofibers,简称FNFs）。FNFs不仅保留了C₆₀分子固有的物理化学特性,还同时具备了一维材料高长径比、性能各向异性的优点。目前虽然关于FNFs材料的制备方法和性能挖掘的研究很多,但是对于如何有效调控FNFs长径比以及FNFs形成机理的研究却是甚少。于是本论文从寻找有效调控FNFs长径比的方法出发,研究FNFs的形成机理,进而尝试找到同时具有高长径比与高含管率的FNFs的制备方法。对于FNFs的制备,本文从液-液界面析出法（liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation,简称LLIP）出发,在吡啶-异丙醇（isopropanol,简称IPA）体系中展开,利用C₆₀分子和吡啶分子可以发生电荷转移络合反应的特点,保持实验过程中络合温度、培养温度为0℃,固定吡啶和IPA的体积比为1:9,通过改变络合反应的时间制得具有不同长径比的FNFs,其中包括长径比大于1000的FNFs。随后本文通过紫外吸收光光谱（ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy,简称UV-Vis）、粒度分析等表征手段探讨络合时间、电荷转移络合物（charge transfer complex,简称CTC）含量和FNFs长径比三者之间的内在联系。本实验中发现随着络合时间的增长,体系中CTC含量和FNFs长径比都会随之增长。基于以上事实提出该实验体系中CTC分子的络合机理和FNFs的生成机理。最后,本文对LLIP法进行了改良,将络合时间为48h的C₆₀-吡啶溶液（溶液A）同未经络合处理的C₆₀-吡啶溶液（溶液B）进行混配,再加入9倍体积的IPA进行FNFs的制备。通过光学显微镜（optical microscope,简称OM）、扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope,简称SEM）和透射电子显微镜（transmission electron microscope,简称TEM）等表征手段进行观察。当溶液A和溶液B体积比为1:3时,成功地制备出同时具有高长径比和100%含管率的FNFs,并且该方法制备得到的FNFs内外径之比高达80%,这对于FNFs的应用拓展是非常有意义的一步。更多还原

【Abstract】 C₆₀ as a new member of carbon material family was discovered in 1980 s. Since its unique hollow structure and π-conjugate bonds, C₆₀ has successfully attracted giant attentions in the areas of scientific research. However, as research continues C₆₀ limited itself for its 0-dimensional nanostructure step by step. Lucky with the discovery of carbon nanotubes（CNTs）, researchers started to seek new ideas to combine C₆₀ molecules into one-dimensional materials, which we call fullerene nanofibres（FNFs）. Usually we hold the view that FNFs integrates the advantages of C₆₀ and one-dimensional materials, adapts to either application areas. To be specific, FNFs maintain the unique physical-chemical properties of C₆₀ and the high length-diameter ratio of one-dimensional materials. Nowadays there is little knowledge on the formation mechanism of FNFs, and we lack effective means to control the length of FNFs. Based on these, we started our research seeking for some methods to regulate the size of FNFs, trying to gain better insights on the formation mechanism of FNFs, finally achieving these goals.For the fabrication of FNFs, we took a method called liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation（LLIP）, started in the pyridine-isopropanol（IPA） system. We took use of the charge transformation reaction between C₆₀ molecule and pyridine, stabilized the complexion temperature/ cultivating temperature and the volume ratio of pyridine and IPA, obtained FNFs with different length-diameter ratio via changing the complexion time of C₆₀-pyridine solution. Then, we focused our concentration on the relationship among three experiment factors: complexion time/ the content of charge transfer complex（CTC） of C₆₀-pyridine solution and the length of FNFs. Finally we proposed a growth mechanism of CTC and FNFs based on UV-Vis spectra and particle size analysis.Ultimately, we improved LLIP method by mixing two kinds of C₆₀-pyridine solution with different complexion time. We named C₆₀-pyridine solution with 48 h complexion time after solution A, and named the other one after solution B. Combined with the result of optical microscope（OM） / scanning electron microscope（SEM） / transmission electron microscope（TEM）, we achieved our goals to obtain a kind of FNFs with long length-diameter ratio and 100% tube-like shape when solution A: solution B= 1:3（volume ratio）. This new kind of FNFs may have tremendous potential application in the area of super conductivity materials when doped with alkali metal.更多还原