【作者】 张旭；

【导师】 杨新苗；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 交通运输工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国道路基础设施不断发展,我国公路里程逐年增加,现有公路使用年限正在逐渐增长。随着社会经济的发展,公路交通流量越来越大,对道路的需求越来越高。因此近年来我国公路的改扩建施工和养护大修施工量逐年增加。公路改扩建施工和养护作业一般采用占道施工的方式,施工过程中仍保持道路处于通行状态。占道作业区的存在,会影响作业区路段的通行能力,造成瓶颈点;同时因为作业区使道路交通环境复杂化,而更容易发生交通安全事故,成为事故危险点。为了研究占道作业区交通安全影响因素,评估占道作业区的安全风险水平,并在此基础上对占道作业区交通组织和交通安全设施的设置方法进行研究,为施工养护单位进行占道作业交通组织和安全防护提供理论依据,本文针对占道作业区的交通安全和交通组织进行研究。本文首先通过对国内外占道作业区的交通安全事故进行分析,归纳整理目前我国占道作业区交通安全现状,通过搜集整理资料、从占道作业审批管理部门和养护施工企业获取数据,梳理出目前影响我国占道作业区交通安全的主要风险因素类别,利用层次分析法构建风险因素评估模型,针对目前我国占道作业区交通安全风险因素进行分析评估。同时,通过对占道作业区交通流数据的实地观测,对占道作业区交通流特性进行分析,并在此基础上提出占道作业区安全风险量化分析的方法。针对占道作业区交通组织和安全保障的问题,本文通过对占道作业区主要六个功能区段的长度设置参数进行研究,提出了相应的计算方法,可用来指导不同条件下占道作业区功能区布局。另一方面,通过构建驾驶员心理认知模型,提出了占道作业区交通标志设置方法,并对交通标志的前置距离和重置距离等关键参数给出计算方法,结合占道作业区其他安全保障设施,综合提出了常见情况占道作业区形式的交通安全设施布置的优化方案。本文对占道作业区安全分析和占道作业区交通组织研究,能够对实际公路施工养护工作的交通组织和安全保障提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of road infrastructure in our country, China’s highway mileage has increased year by year, the service life of highway is also gradually increased. With the development of social economy, highway demand and traffic flow has increased rapidly. Therefore, China’s highway extension construction and maintenance overhaul construction increases year by year. Highway extension and maintenance works are usually using lane construction method, remained in road traffic state. Because of the existence of lane assignments, traffic capacity of operation area will be affected. Lane assignment area may also cause road bottleneck area, at the same time comp licate traffic environment, and make more prone to traffic accidents.This thesis aims to study the road work zone traffic safety and traffic organization, explores the influencing factors of traffic safety of lane operation area, evaluates safety risk of road work zone, analyzes the setting methods of traffic organization and traffic safety facilities, and provides a theoretical basis for lane construction and maintenance work.Firstly, the foreign and domestic traffic accidents on the lane operation area are analyzed. On this basis, the traffic safety situation of lane assignment area in China is summed up. Then risk factors affecting the traffic safety of lane operation area are explored through data collection and investigation of lane operations department and construction-maintenance enterprises. To evaluate the risk factors of our country, AHP method is used to construct evaluation model. At the same time, through field observation of traffic lane assignments, work zone traffic flow characteristics are analyzed, and based on this analysis quantitative method of work zone safety risk is developed.This thesis studies the six main length layout parameters of lane assignment area, and proposes the corresponding calculating method, which can be used to guide function area layout of lane operation area under different conditions. On the other hand, through the construction of driver’s psychological and cognitive model, this thesis puts forward traffic sign setting method of lane assignment area, and key parameters(e.g. the traffic signs in front of distance and distance reset) calculation method. Combined with other safety protection facilities of operation area, this thesis proposes the general situation of traffic safety facilities and road work area layout scheme.更多还原