【作者】 王磊；

【导师】 廖和荣； 邓先德；

【作者基本信息】 石河子大学 ， 农业推广（专业学位）， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究旨在研究探讨冬季气候条件下不同饲养密度(不同开间即4m 6m 8m 10m无加温设施)全舍饲育肥对羊舍环境质量肉羊生长性能肉品质的影响和效益分析,为寒冷地区冬季不加温舍饲的适宜饲养密度提供科学的参考依据试验将6月龄体重相近的144只新疆阿勒泰大尾羊F1代断奶羔羊随机分成4组,每组36只,试验1~4组每只羊分别占舍面积为0.35 0.7 1.05和1.4㎡,在饲料配方饲喂与管理方法完全一致的条件下育肥45天,测定羊舍环境质量日增重体尺屠宰性能和羊肉品质,结合经济效益分析筛选出新疆北疆寒冷地区肉羊全舍饲最适饲养密度试验结果显示:试验研究I不同饲养密度对羊舍内空气质量影响的研究:研究结果显示,随着饲养密度提高,羊舍内温湿度二氧化碳和氨气浓度显著提高空气细菌总含量变化显著,表现为:试验4组<试验3组<试验2组<试验1组,各组之间差异均显著(P<0.05)其中,试验1组大肠杆菌沙门氏菌葡萄球菌霉菌空气含量较试验4组分别显著提高72.26%183.20%121.55%和128.52%(P<0.05);风速气压噪音各组差异均不显著试验研究Ⅱ不同饲养密度对肉羊生产性能影响的研究:研究结果显示,各组的总采食量差异不显著(P>0.05),平均日增重虽然以第4组最高为137.27±55.93g,与第1组第2组第3组差异显著(P<0.05);但第2组与第3组的平均日增重差异不显著(P>0.05),两组与第1组相比差异均显著(P<0.05);各组的体尺增长与其体重增长趋势完全相同的是体长体高和胸深,只有管围差异不显著(P>0.05);试验研究Ⅲ冬季不同舍饲密度对肉羊屠宰性能及肉品质影响的研究:研究结果显示,不同舍饲密度肉羊的胴体重屠宰率净肉重净肉率具有相同的变化规律,均表现为:试验1组<试验2组<试验3组<试验4组,其中,试验4组胴体重屠宰率净肉重净肉率较试验1组分别显著提高20.65%11.00%30.40%和19.73%(P<0.05);4个试验组肉色都在3~4分之间,均属羊肉正常颜色;大理石纹均在1~1.1分之间,试验1组pH最低剪切力最高,嫩度较差试验研究Ⅳ舍饲育肥应用前景与经济效益分析:分析结果显示,新疆羊肉的生产还不能满足需要,而且牧区草场载畜量基本饱和,放牧半舍饲和农区圈养饲喂时间长,出栏集中,因此,全舍饲饲养肉羊是未来发展方向;经济效益分析以试验2组即饲喂密度0.7㎡/只效益430元/只为最高结论:综上所述,寒冷地区肉羊冬季无加温设备全舍饲育肥的饲养密度以0.7㎡/只较宜更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aims to research barn feeding fattening sheep house in environmental quality, mutton sheep growth performance, meat quality and benefit analysis in winter weather conditions under different rearing density(different standard width of a room is 4m, 6m, 8m, 10 m without heating facilities) the feedlot manure of sheep shed environment quality, sheep growth performance, meat quality and benefit analysis,the cold area in winter without warm shed feeding of suitable rearing density to provide scientific reference.144 F1 weaned lambs of Aletai sheep with 6 month and similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups(36 sheep in each group). Each sheep have respectively to an area of 0.35, 0.7, 1.05 and 1.4square meters in the test 1 to 4 groups.Totally consistent in formula feed, feeding and management method under the condition of fattening 45 days, we measured sheep shed some items about environment quality,average daily gain weight, body size, slaughter performance and meat quality.According to the economic analysis, this study selected the most suitable breeding density of mutton sheep in Xinjiang northern cold area.Test results show:Experimental study I Study on the effect of different feeding density on the air quality in sheep:Research results show,With breeding density increased, the sheep Sheneiwen humidity, carbon dioxide and ammonia concentration significantly increased, the change of the total air bacterial content significantly.The performance was: the 4 groups of the test 3 groups of 2 groups of 1 groups, the difference was significant(P < 0.05).Among them, 1 groups of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, mold air content compared with the experimental group were significantly increased by 72.26%, 183.20%, 121.55%and 128.52%(P < 0.05) more then 4 groups.Wind speed, air pressure and noise were not significantly different.Experimental study II Study on the effects of different feeding density on the production performance of sheep:Research results show :Total feed intake was not significant(P > 0.05).The average daily gain was significantly higher than that in the fourth groups, with the highest of 137.27 + 55.93 g, and the difference was significant(P < 0.05) with first groups, second groups and third groups.But the average daily gain of the second groups was not significant(P > 0.05), the difference between the two groups and the first groups were significant(P < 0.05).The growth trend of body length and body weight of each group was the same as the body length, body height and chest depth, but the difference of round tube was not significant(P >0.05).Experimental study III Study on the influence of different sheep slaughter performance and meat quality of different density in winter Research results show:Fattening sheep in different density has the same variation in carcass weight, slaughter rate, net meat weight, net meat rate.The performance was: the1 groups of test 2 groups of groups of 3 groups of test 4.Among them, experiment group 4 carcass in weight, dressing percentage, net meat weight, net meat rate than the experimental group 1 were significantly increased 20.65%, 11.00%, 30.40 and 19.73%(P < 0.05).Four test groups are fleshcolor between 3 to 4 points, is the normal color of mutton.Marble lines are between 1 to 1.1 points.In the 1groups, the pH was the lowest, the shear strength was the highest, and the tenderness was poor.Experimental study IV Analysis of application prospect and economic benefits of fast fattening:Analysis results show:Xinjiang mutton production can not meet the needs and pastoral grassland carrying capacity is basically saturated, grazing, semi feeding and agricultural captive feeding for a long time, slaughter focused.Therefore, feeding sheep breeding is the future direction of development; economic benefit analysis to test 2 group is feeding density 0.7 square meters / only benefits 430 yuan / only for the highest.Conclusion: In summary, the fattening sheep rearing density in cold area in winter without heating equipment to 0.7/square meters only more appropriate.更多还原