【作者】 王静；

【导师】 王飞镝； 曾景斯；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 化学工程（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 近几年,随着我国丙烯酸产业需求的不断增长,下游产品的发展尤为迅速,聚丙烯酸钠是目前常用的精细化工产品之一,在近年来得到了广泛的应用与研究,其分子量可以从几百至几千万以上不等,研究较为广泛的是作为分散剂的低分子量的聚丙烯酸钠。随着科技的进步,人们不再停留在对物质生活的追求,越来越关注食品的口感与品质,从2000年开始,我国卫生部已经批准聚丙烯酸钠可作为一种食品添加剂,可用来保鲜食物或是增强粉质食物的筋力、耐煮力等,因此聚丙烯酸钠在食品工业具有良好的前景。目前,国内生产食品级厂商较少,且品质良莠不齐。本文针对聚丙烯酸钠合成工艺优化与性能展开探讨。本文通过水溶液聚合法,利用氧化还原引发体系,探讨了聚丙烯酸钠的聚合工艺,对丙烯酸钠单体浓度、反应温度、引发剂浓度、中和度、反应时间等因素进行分析,并对其生产工艺流程及车间平面图进行设计,结果如下：(1)实验探究了聚丙烯酸钠的聚合工艺条件。通过单因素的实验分析,对单体浓度、反应温度、引发剂浓度、中和度、反应时间、通氮时间及烘干温度七个因素进行研究,并设计正交试验优化聚合工艺参数,获得了最佳工艺条件：单体浓度40%,引发剂浓度0.6%,中和度100%,在35℃温度下聚合5h,合成了分子量达106数量级且溶解较好的聚丙烯酸钠增稠剂。(2)参照GB 2948-2013对聚丙烯酸钠食品添加剂的理化标准进行检测,结果表明理化标准中残留单体量、游离碱的含量、低聚物含量均符合要求。并且对自制聚丙烯酸钠粉末与国内产品进行红外谱图对比,差异较小。(3)对上述聚丙烯酸钠聚合工艺进行车间工艺流程设计和车间平面设计,进行物料衡算、热量估算,主要设备选型与确定,利用聚四氟乙烯材质袋式反应器取代传统的反应盘,采用太阳能恒温池,设计聚丙烯酸钠的生产工厂,本设计结合最佳生产工艺,同时节能降耗、关注环保,为今后产品的工业化生产提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the growing demand for acrylic acid industry in China, especially the development of downstream products, sodium polyacrylate is currently one of the commonly used chemical products, and sodium polyacrylate had the widespread application and research in recent years, its molecular range from several hundred to more than tens of millions,the research mostly is low molecular weight sodium polyacrylate that widely used dispersant. With the progress of science and technology, people no longer stay in the pursuit of material life, they pay more and more attention to the taste and quality of food, since 2000, China’s ministry of health has approved sodium polyacrylate can be used as a food additive and can be used to keep fresh food or enhance opaque thews, boiling resistance force, etc. So sodium polyacrylate in the food industry has a good prospect. At present, the number of food-grade manufacturers is small, and the quality good and bad are intermingled. In this paper,the process optimization and the production performance are discussed.In this paper,discusses the influence of single-factors on the product performanc e of sodium polyacrylate. The single-factors are monomer concentration, react ion temp erature,reaction time,the initiator concentration, neutralization degree and the drying temperature.At the same time, design the technological process of production and t he plan of factory. The results are follows:(1) The experiment studies the conditions of sodium polyacrylate polymerization process.By single factor experiment,monomer concentration,reaction temperature,initia tor concentration,neutralization degree,reaction time,the time putting in nitrogen,dryi ng temperature are studies.By designing orthogonal experiment to optimize the proce ss,the best process conditions for polymerization are:monomer concentration 40%,initi ator concentration 0.6%,neutralization degree 100%,at 35℃ reaction 5h.By this condi tions synthetic sodium polyacrylate thicker with a degree of 106 molecular weight,an d the production own good solubility.(2) Detect the physicochemical indicators in sodium polyacrylate on GB2948-20 13. The result shows that residual monomer,total free alkali and oligomer are in lin e with the requirements. The Infrared sepctropic analysis are used to compared with domestic production. There are small differences between them.(3) Carry on the workshop process design and graphic design,complete the material balance calculations,heat estimates,main equipment selection and determine,using the material of teflon to replace the traditional reaction plate. The design combined the best production process, at the same time, pay attention to environmental protection, energy saving and consumption reducing,by solar constant pool, design capacity of 200t of sodium polyacrylate production factory, it will provide reference for the industrialized production in the future.更多还原