【作者】 张婕；

【导师】 张建民；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 本文是关于中意两地,不同语言环境下学习者课内外汉语交际意愿的实证研究。本研究的重点主要集中在以下几个方面：学习者课堂内外汉语交际意愿的现状和特点；客观变量及学习者主观情感变量对其课内外交际意愿的影响；不同的语言环境对学习者课内外汉语交际意愿的影响。笔者采用定量和定性相结合的方法进行研究,其中定量研究是由六部分组成的交际意愿调查问卷,共91名学习者分别在中意两地参与了本次调查。定性研究即半开放式及封闭式问题访谈及笔者的课堂观察。本研究主要发现总结如下：首先,调查结果反映出学习者课内外汉语交际意愿的现状为：学习者总体的汉语交际意愿值较高,得分率均超过70%。非目的语环境下的汉语交际意愿值稍高于目的语环境,但差异不大。其次,笔者使用SPSS.22对数据进行统计分析,考察了客观背景变量和主观情感变量与汉语交际意愿之间的关系,研究发现,客观背景变量是影响学习者汉语交际意愿的外在因素,性别差异对交际意愿的影响不显著；年龄较高者课外交际意愿强于课内交际意愿；非亚洲国家的学习者交际意愿强于亚洲国家；汉语水平较高者相对初中级水平者具有较高的交际意愿。主观情感变量是影响学习者汉语交际意愿的内在因素。自我觉察的汉语交际能力、汉语学习动机和汉语交际焦虑这三项主观情感因素均与交际意愿显著相关,而前者的相关程度最高。最后,笔者分别分析了中意两地汉语学习者交际意愿的情况,以考察语言环境对其交际意愿的影响。结果表明,非目的语环境下影响课内交际意愿的主要因素是汉语交际焦虑,而目的语环境下则是自我觉察的汉语交际能力。在课外,则都是学习者的交际自信对交际意愿的影响最大。本研究是首次对不同语言环境下汉语作为二语的学习者交际意愿的探讨,是二语交际意愿研究在对外汉语界的一次拓展。不仅对国内留学生的汉语交际意愿情况有了较全面的了解,同时也对外语环境下学习者的交际意愿状况进行了对比考察,本文的研究结果将对目的语及非目的语环境下对外汉语教学中学习者汉语交际意愿的重要性及其加强提供参考和启示意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article is an empirical study on the willingness to communicate inside and outside of the classroom of Chinese learners in different social environment. This article aims at discussing the following three questions:Current situations and characteristics of foreign students’willingness to communicate inside and outside class; Influences of background and emotional variables on the WTC in Chinese of foreign students; Influences of different social environment on the WTC in Chinese of foreign students inside and outside the classroom.This paper has adopted a method combining qualitative with quantitative.91 foreign students study in Italy and China participated in the quantitative research. The questionnaire comprises 6 main parts to investigate the WTC. Qualitative research has used open and closed questions, half-structure interview outline and class observation.Main findings of this research are concluded as follows:First of all, the questionnaires have reflected the current situation of WTC in Chinese of foreign students in-and-out class in Italy and China:The WTC scores are quite high of which the percentage reaches over 70%.; The WTC of the students in Italy is a little higher than those in China.Secondly, this paper adopts SPSS.22 to investigate the date and the results have provided that background and sentimental factors generate direct or indirect influences on the foreign students’WTC in Chinese in-and-out class. Gender has no prominent influence in the foreign students" WTC in Chinese; Age and Chinese level prominently affect the foreign students’WTC in Chinese; Self-assessment of Chinese level, motivation and anxiety are prominently related with the foreign students" WTC in Chinese.At last, this paper assessed the influences of different social environment on the WTC in Chinese of foreign students in-and-out class and the results have provided that the WTC of students in class in non-target language context is influenced most by anxiety while in target language context is self-assessment of Chinese level.This is the first article to investigate the WTC in-and-out class of Chinese learners in different social environment. Through this paper we can have a comprehensive understanding of the WTC in Chinese of foreign students in China which can also be compared to the WTC of foreign students in non-target language context. The findings of the research might give references to the class teaching both in target and non-target language contexts.更多还原