【作者】 刘莹；

【导师】 陈报章；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 水土保持与荒漠化防治， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 煤燃烧是导致大气污染的主要原因之一,作为能源消耗、煤燃烧的主要城市徐州市,大气污染问题十分严峻。因此,编制徐州市点源大气污染物排放清单可以充分了解和掌握徐州市点源大气污染物的排放情况,为政策的制定和大气污染防控提供理论支撑。目前,中国大气污染清单方面的研究,多关注于大区域尺度或者经济发达的地区,针对能源消耗城市的研究较少,并且多采用遥感方法获取污染物排放量数据,空间尺度大,误差大。本文首先对可能影响徐州市大气污染的成因进行分析,并应用环境库兹涅茨曲线探究徐州市经济增长与大气环境之间的关系,最后采用排放因子法建立高分辨率的徐州市点源污染物排放清单。排放因子法主要有两个特征参量,一是排放因子,二是活动水平。本研究采用的排放因子是借鉴国内外参考文献的相应数据,活动水平是应用徐州市统计年鉴和徐州市点源环统数据,最终计算点源大气污染物排放量,并采用ArcGIS软件进行的空间栅格化处理,从空间和时间上对比徐州市点源大气污染物的排放情况。以2012年为基准年编制徐州市点源污染物排放清单,其中S02排放总量为1.33 ×105t、NOx排放总量为1.70×105t、CO排放总量为3.68×105t、VOC排放总量为8.84×104t、PM10排放总量为4.19×104 t、PM2.5排放量为2.68×104 t。铜山区六大大气污染物排放量最多,且各个市区县以火力发电为主的电厂各种大气污染物排放量最大,PM10和PM2.5排放量除电厂排放量最大外,水泥厂和铸造业排放量也较大。对2012年清单的不确定性进行探究,其中SO2、NOx、CO、PM10、PM2.5的不确定性分别为3.142%,11.212%,31.417%,47.126%,45.857%,45.857%,较其他研究结果的不确定性低。且本研究数据资料更为详实可靠,清单分辨率远高于其他研究成果,空间分辨率达到0.005。×0.005。。综上所述,徐州市大气污染十分严重,治理大气污染问题尤为迫切,各级政府需加强对大气环境的监管和控制力度,以研究数据和研究结果作为理论和技术支撑,对徐州市的空气质量进行预警预报,做到及时发现,及时控制,防治徐州市大气污染的蔓延和加剧。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coal combustion is one of main reason for causing air pollution. It is important energy city and one of the most important coal production and supplyment of cities. Xuzhou has serious air pollution problems. As a result, emissions inventory of point source pollutants is necessary to understand Xuzhou industry pollution emissions, supporting theoretical policy and providing control to prevent pollution.At present, inventory is using large regional scale or economic developed area, however, study of coal city is less than others in China. Most study using remote sensing data acquisition emissions data, but, spatial scale is large and error is large. First, analyzing the background of Xuzhou city, fully understand the development process of Xuzhou. Then, studying the relationship between economic growth and atmospheric environment by Environmental Kuznets Curve. Finally, applying emission factor establish Xuzhou city point source pollutant emission inventory.Emission factor method has two main feature parameters, one is emission factors, the other is activity. Emission factors adopt references of China or abroad, activity levels adopt statistical yearbook datas and point-source environment statistics datas. Calculating the emissions for air pollutants of point source, using ArcGIS software to rasterize processing, from the space and time to contrast the air pollutants of point source in Xuzhou.Establishing point source pollutants emission inventory in 2012 year, SO2 emissions is 1.33×105t, NOx emissions is 1.70×105t, CO emissions is 3.68×105t, VOC emissions is 8.84×104t, PM10 emissions is 4.19×104t, PM2.5 emissions is 2.68×104 t. The country of Tongshan is the biggest pollutant emissions among others, and coal-fired power plants are large pollutant emissions, addition to the largest power plant, cement and casting industry emissions is bigger for PM10 and PM2.5.Explore inventory of uncertainty in 2012, the uncertainty of SO2, NOx, CO, PM10 and PM2.5 are 3.142%,11.212%,31.417%,47.126%,45.857%,45.857% respectively, compared with other researchers that uncertainty is low. More detailed data and higher resolution ratio, the resolution ratio is 0.005°×0.005°, which is higher than others.To sum up, air pollution is serious in Xuzhou, not only requiring governments increase the intensity of regulation and control of atmospheric environment, but also needing to be supported by the data of Xuzhou city air quality for early warning forecast, timely detection, timely control, preventing to spread and intensify, controling of atmospheric pollution.更多还原