【作者】 张翔；

【导师】 陈强；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 控制工程（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 对火炮关键部件与重要部件(简称关重件)的动态应变过程研究是提高火炮性能的重要方法之一,准确的测试出火炮发射关重件瞬时应变大小,可以为火炮武器系统的结构强度与刚度设计和疲劳损伤分析提供重要参考依据。传统的有限元分析法由于对火炮实际结构进行了部分简化,很难对整个装配体系进行分析,而且这种计算结果常常因为无法提供测试结果对比而缺乏说服力,而基于电阻应变片的测试方法很容易受到温度、湿度等环境因素的影响,并且电阻应变片和电桥电路很容易受到电磁干扰影响,该测试方法只适合于一般环境的测量,在恶劣、复杂环境的测量难以获得准确的结果。本文通过研究基于光纤光栅传感的应变测试方法,首次提出利用光纤光栅传感技术进行火炮关重件应变测试。基于光纤光栅传感设计并开展万能实验机拉伸实验、等强度悬臂梁实验和应变与温度的分离测量实验,通过对比基于电阻应变片、基于数字图像和基于光纤传感的三种应变测试方法的实验结果,验证了光纤传感技术在应变测量领域的可行性与准确性。在此基础上开展霍普金森压杆超高速应变测试和开展某火炮样机实弹射击关重件动态应变测试,完成了不确定度评定,验证了光纤光栅应变测试数据的准确性与测试方法的优越性。本文首次在国内利用基于光纤光栅传感的应变测试方法开展火炮关重件动态应变测试,不仅为火炮武器系统的结构强度与刚度设计和疲劳损伤分析提供重要参考依据,同时突破了传统应变片测试方法的抗干扰难题,为电磁炮等具有较强电磁干扰源的武器装备关重件应变测试提供了创新方法,丰富了火炮应变测试的技术手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 One of the important ways to improve the performance of the artillery is the research of key components and important parts in dynamic strain process. Measuring the instantaneous strain of the key components and important parts in artillery launching accurately can provide significant reference on the designing of the artillery weapon system’s structural strength and stiffness and on the analysis of fatigue damage. It’s hard to analyse comprehensively on the whole equipment system due to the traditional finite meta-analysis partly simplifying the real structures of artillery, so it’s not convinced that this kind of results of calculations fail in providing test results. And the measurement that based on the resistance strain gauge is easily influenced by temperature, humidity and other environmental aspects. What’s more, the resistance strain gauge and the bridge circuit are easily interfered by electromagnetism, and it just fits for common environment which is hard to measure the strain accurately in a hostile and complicate environment.This research is based on the strain test method of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensing and it firstly put forward that using FBG sensors to measure the strain of the key components and important parts in artillery launching. The paper designs and conducts experiment of universal testing machine stretch, the experiment of equal strength cantilever beam and the measurement of temperature separation on the basis of the research of the FBG sensing theory, which verify the feasibility and accuracy of FBG sensors in the field of strain measurement by comparing the data of the resistance strain gauge measurement, the relevant digital image measurement and FBG sensors strain measurement with theoretical data. Dynamic strain experiments can be put into practice and FBG sensors technology will be applied on the strain test of the Hopkinson pressure bar and the artillery prototype firing experiment to acquire the strain data. Uncertainty analysis of the data of FBG strain measurement will be conducted in order to show the quality of the results and get the reliability of the results, which verify the accuracy of the FBG strain test and the good anti-interference ability.This paper firstly uses the FBG sensors to measure the strain of the key components and important parts on the artillery weapon system in China, the strain data can not only provide important reference on the designing of the artillery weapon system’s structural strength and stiffness and on the analysis of fatigue damage, but also overcome the electromagnetic interference of the traditional strain gauge. The innovation method is provided for the strain test of weapon equipment with strong electromagnetic interference source, such as electromagnetic artillery which enrich the technical means of the artillery strain testing.更多还原