【作者】 刘妍；

【导师】 孙良国；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 民商法（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,由于国家一系列宏观调控政策的实施,导致银根收紧,经济发展的水平超过了资本市场发育的速度,造成了一部分企业和个人的融资渠道不畅通,从而导致民间借贷市场的繁荣。与金融机构贷款相比,民间借贷手续简单,提取资金方便是对现有资本市场的一种有益补充,然而由于我国金融和法律体系不健全,民间借贷市场存在诸多问题,其盲目、自发、无序的缺陷日益显现,隐患愈加突出导致大量纠纷成讼。在经济利益的驱使下,以签订房屋买卖合同担保借贷的方式大量涌现,这种非典型的担保方式在我国现行的民事法律规范中未做出明确规定,与之相关的案件引起了学者在理论研究上的诸多争议,也为法院的审判工作增添了较大难度。以房抵债案件中双方当事人同时签订了房屋买卖合同和借款合同,目的是以商品房买卖合同为借款进行担保,此时,当事人之间真实的法律关系应如何判断、这种非典型担保方式的性质怎样界定?面对这些问题,人民法院在审判实务中如何应用法律,如何对债权人与债务人的权利进行保护,无疑将对民间借贷市场的繁荣稳定起着至关重要的作用。在对该问题已有论述的基础之上,本文拟通过对以房抵债典型案例的全面分析,试图在我国现有的法律框架下对存在差异的裁判结果作进一步解释和澄清。全文除引言和结语外,共分成三个部分讨论相关问题:第一部分列举了在以房抵债案件中具有代表性的三个案例,以及各自的裁判思路和裁判结果,并且概括了此类案件的争议焦点;第二部分重点阐述了对于此类案件不同判决结果的解释路径,从“让与担保”、“代物清偿”等多个视角对以房抵债的合同性质进行分析;第三部分针对我国现行法律法规的相关规定,对典型案例的不同裁判结果进行评析。民间借贷是当下资本市场的重要组成部分,维护它的健康发展是保障金融安全的重要部分,对于民间借贷案例的裁判需要综合考虑法理依据以及裁判结果对市场的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the growth of economic and the current level of Chinese capital market, the private lending has been developing out of regulation. Private landing is a good supplement for the capital market, it will cause lots of problems considering its less regulation. There are lots problems comes from the loan and repayment procedure. Especially the problems comes when the loan were guaranteed by house purchasing.In the relative cases, the debtor will accepted every kinds of constraints make any kinds of promises never consider whether they can fulfill them or not just for an immediately loan, even sign a house purchasing agreements by selling a house they don’t want to. When the debtor cannot repay the loan on time the house purchasing will applied. But the debtor would not accept the purchasing agreements, the law suit go therefore.Those cases are not easy to judge. In the journal of The People’s Judicature and Gazette of the Supreme People’s Court of the People’s Republic of China, there are two relative cases posted in 2014, those two cases which has nearly the same conditions but judged alertly differently.There are several kinds of theories can be used in this kind of cases. Such as transfer security, and Datio in solutum which are not supported in our concurrent law system. Some experts want to explain the problem as atypical agreement, or take it as a loan pretending as house purchasing, it will deny the house purchasing by the theory of Autonomy of Will. After introduced the cases, we analysis them by different theories. The problems will appear as different kinds of rub by analysis with different kind of theories.Following is the structure of this thesis:In the first chapter, which is following the section of introduction, we introduce those famous cases on the problem in the chapter one. The details of those cases and the process how to judge them.In the second section, we proposed how to use those relative theories explain how to deal with the cases. Such as security transfer, and latter security transfer. And use the theory about Datio in solutum. Neither security transfer nor Datio in solutum were supported by our concurrent law system, but as the authority’s view, a security transfer is an unwritten law in our daily commercial activities. It needs to be approved.In the third section, we introduce the analysis by the different judgments. With is considering the concurrent statement of our capital market. And the different judgment has the different influence to the capital market, especially to the private loan market, which is an important part in the nowadays capital market.In our point of view, private loan is an important part in the capital market, it will be necessarily to considering whether the judgment is good or not.更多还原