【作者】 王静；

【导师】 李放；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 社会保障， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国人口老龄化,高龄化程度不断加深,养老问题已经成为社会普遍关注的热点问题。与城镇相比,农村人口老龄化问题更加严重,加之随着农村家庭小型化发展和农村“空巢”老人的增多,传统家庭养老功能日渐弱化,农村老人照顾问题日益突出。发展农村社区养老服务,解决好农村老人养老问题,对于实现社会稳定与发展具有十分重要的意义。现阶段,社区养老服务的发展在我国农村地区处于起始阶段,存在许多问题,如何有效促进农村社区养老服务发展成为学者关注的重点课题。本研究主要采用文献研究法、问卷调查法、访谈法和定量分析方法,以马斯洛需求层次理论、社区照顾理论和福利多元主义理论为基础,结合国内外学者关于社区养老服务研究的成果,利用江苏农村的调查数据,对农村老人的生活现状、农村社区养老服务发展现状、农村老人社区养老服务的选择状况及其影响因素进行实证分析。首先,以调查数据为基础,从经济供养、生活照料、医疗保健和精神慰藉四个方面分析江苏农村老人的生活现状,从农村养老服务的政策和社区养老服务设施、农村老人对社区养老服务的认知状况、使用现状和满意度方面分析现阶段江苏省农村社区养老服务的发展现状,发现目前江苏农村社区养老服务存在认知不足、服务人员专业化程度低、服务项目及设施不完善、社会化程度低等问题。其次,在对农村老人社区养老服务的选择状况进行分析的基础上,构建二元Logistic模型,对影响农村老人选择社区养老服务的因素进行回归分析,结果显示农村老人选择社区养老服务的可能性受其孩子个数、家庭年收入、村委会的帮助、是否有老年活动中心、对社区养老服务的了解度和地区因素的影响显著,而其性别、年龄、健康状况对其影响不显著。最后,根据上述分析,本文提出了促进江苏农村社区养老服务发展的建议,包括要形成“政府主导、社会参与、家庭支持”的总体思路,具体措施上需要提高农村居民对社区养老服务的认知度,完善社区养老服务设施,合理设置服务内容,加强服务队伍建设,建立适合农村的社区养老服务模式等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The percentage of senior citizens population and aging degree, compared with the whole Chinese population, has continuously increased leading to pension issue becoming a hot social issue of common concern. Compared with the towns, the population-aging problem in the rural area is more serious, coupled with the increasing miniaturization of rural development and rural households "empty nest" of the elderly so that impairing traditional family support functions to take care the senior citizens, especially the rural elderly issues. Development of rural communities care services in order to solve the pension problems for the elderly in the rural areas is crucial to achieve social stability and development. At this stage, the development of community elderly care services in rural regions of China is in the initial stage, there are many problems and challenges waiting for us to solve so how to effectively promote the development of elderly care services in rural communities getting the focus from scholars in order to figure it out in the coming future.This study has used literature research method, questionnaire surveys method, case interviews method, and quantitative analysis method, based on the theory of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, community care and welfare pluralism, integrated into the domestic and international scholars’ achievement of the research on the old-age community service and used the survey data of Jiangsu Province countryside to analyze the current situation of the rural elderly life, the development of the rural community old-age service at present stage, options of the community care service and its influencing factors by the rural elderly.Firstly, based on the survey data, this survey has analyzed the current situation of the rural elderly life in Jiangsu from four aspects like the economic support, life care, physical therapy care and spiritual comfort, and the development of the Jiangsu province rural community old-age service at present stage from several aspects like rural old-age service policy and infrastructure development situation, the rural elderly cognitive status, using status and satisfaction of community care service. And this study also had found the problems in the current rural community care service development, like cognitive deficiencies, low degree of professional service personnel, services and facilities not perfect and low level of social problems in Jiangsu province.Secondly, at the fundament of analysis the condition that the rural elderly select community care service, this article used the Logistic model for the regression analysis that what is the selection situation for the community care service of the rural elderly. The research has found that the possibility of the rural elderly selecting the community care service is affected obviously by number of children, annual household income, the help of the village committee, if with the senior center, the comprehension of community care service, and the regional factors. In addition, the effects of gender, age, and health condition are non-significant.In the end, according to above analysis, this paper put forward several suggestions to promote the development of rural community care service of Jiangsu Province:we should form the overall train of thought, like "government-led, social participation, family support," and to be more specific, we should improve the awareness of rural residents of community care service, perfect the community care service facilities, set up the service content reasonably strengthen the construction of Service team, establish suitable service mode for rural community endowment, etc.更多还原