【作者】 李琦；

【导师】 杨东；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着科技的快速发展,智能手机应运而生,消费者对智能手机的需求也越来越大。面对如此庞大的用户群,越来越多的商家争先进入智能手机的开发、制造和销售行列。面对种类繁多、质量参差不齐的智能手机时,消费者如何选择既优质又满足需求的手机成为决策理论与实践关注的焦点。识别出能真正评价智能手机质量的核心要素,并确定有效评价智能手机质量的方法,是消费者选取智能手机的决策依据。在前人研究的基础上,本文将正交试验设计法与TOPSIS法相结合,主要工作包括以下三方面:(1)提出了一种构建指标体系的方法。在整理和分析国内外有关多属性决策问题和智能手机评价文献的基础上,首先根据文献分析法和决策目标建立了初始指标体系,再利用正交试验设计法验证了指标体系的合理性,剔除与决策目标不相关的指标,构建客观合理的指标体系。(2)提出了一种确定指标权重的方法。该方法利用正交试验设计扩充的数据实证分析了指标影响决策目标的程度,与主观赋权法相比更合理准确。而且确定的指标权重可以弥补TOPSIS法因指标权重的改变引起的逆序问题。(3)给出了智能手机评价的应用实例。以智能手机的选取为例,利用本文所给的方法,详细说明了评价智能手机质量的计算过程,从而验证所给方法的可行性与有效性。本文在理论和实践方面的创新体现在以下几个方面:首先,利用正交试验设计法扩充了决策数据,并利用这些数据验证指标与决策目标的相关性,剔除那些不能衡量决策目标的评价指标,使构建的指标体系更客观合理;其次,提出了一种确定指标权重的方法,即利用方差分析法分析正交试验的结果,通过计算指标的方差贡献率确定指标权重,有助于解决TOPSIS法因指标权重的改变引起的逆序问题;最后,在实践方面,利用本文提出的方法来评价同等价位的国产智能手机,为消费者选择智能手机提供决策依据,从而验证本文方法的可行性和有效性。最后,总结了本文的研究成果、主要贡献以及局限性,并对后续的研究工作进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the science and technology, the smartphone emerges at the historic moment, there is an increasing demand for smart phones. In the face of such a large demand, more and more businesses try to be the first to enter the field of developing, producing and selling the smartphones. However, customers don’t know how to choose the high quality and personalized smartphones, when they face the variety and uneven quality of smartphones. And this topic has become the focus of decision-making theory and practice. Consumers choose smartphones, they should identify the key elements and determine the effective method to evaluate the quality of the smart phone. On the basis of predecessors’ researches, this article will combine orthogonal experiment design method and TOPSIS method, the main work includes three aspects:(1) the method of build the index system is proposed. Collecting and analyzing of the literatures of multiple attribute decision making problems and smartphones evaluation, according to the literature analysis method and decision goals to establish the initial index system, then using the orthogonal experiment design method verify the rationality of the initial index system, excluding those unrelated indicators, the objective and reasonable index system is constructed.(2) we put forward a method of determine the index weights. Using the orthogonal experiment design method expanded the empirical data, then we use these data to analyze the degree that the index factors affect the targets, this method is more accurate and reasonable than the subjective valuing method. The method is accurate and reasonable. And determine the index weight of TOPSIS method can make up for the reverse problem caused by the change of the index weight.(3) The example of smartphone assessment is given. using the method select the smartphone, and we illustrated the calculation process in detail, so as to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of this method.In this paper, we have these innovation points in terms of theory and practice: At first, the method building the index system is proposed. Using the orthogonal experiment design method expands the decision data, and using these data verify the correlation of indicators and decision objective to exclude irrelevant indicators, and to build more objective and reasonable of the index system; Secondly, we put forward a method to confirm the index weights, that is to say, using the variance analysis analyze the result of the orthogonal test, and the index weights are determined by calculating the variance contribution rate of indicators, this method helps to solve the TOPSIS method of reverse order, and the reverse order is induced by the change of weight. At last, in the practical level, consumers use the method to evaluate and select the same price and domestic smartphones, and the feasibility and validity of the method are verified.Finally, the research achievements, the major contributions and the limitations of this paper were given, and the follow-up research work was also prospected.更多还原