【作者】 李丽；

【导师】 崔芮华；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 电气工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 断路器不但在电力系统配电体系中处于至关重要的位置,在电器行业中的应用也十分广泛,一直以来,能否可靠分断一直是电器科研工作者关注的一个重要课题。在断路器的分断过程中,一般都会产生电弧,电弧的运动过程表现在物理学上是一种涉及多种物理场耦合的复杂的运动。在电器行业,电弧的存在不但会烧坏触头,甚至会导致触头的熔焊,造成电路短路,对电力线路造成严重的损害,甚至危害到工作人员。而且,在航空断路器分断过程中,电弧导致触头烧蚀的现象,一直是制约断路器长寿命和大功率化的瓶颈。因此,想要使断路器能够可靠、有效、及时地隔离系统故障,保证系统的稳定性,就必须要对电弧的产生以及运动过程进行研究,寻找有效的灭弧措施。本文以SDB-A系列断路器为主要研究对象,对触头分断过程中的电弧性质以及灭弧方法进行研究。完成的工作主要包括以下几项:1、建立断路器电弧仿真模型,针对模型确定合适的磁吹方案,并设计永磁体形状以及尺寸。2、计算并分析触头以及电弧的磁感应强度的分布云图,研究其分布规律;计算电弧在稳态磁场中所受磁场力的情况,并且,对比不同触头形状、不同触头材料、栅片数量以及不同电流情况下的电弧受力情况。3、计算电弧的伏安特性,并总结灭弧方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Low-voltage circuit breaker is widely used in the electrical industry, and it plays a very important role in the power supply system. Breaking reliably is an important aspect of the circuit breaker. The arc is produced during the breaking process of the circuit breaker. The motion of arc is very complex in Physics, which involves multiple physical fields coupling effect. In the electrical appliance industry, the arc not only burns out the contacts, but also leads to fusion welding of the contacts, which causes a short circuit to damage power lines and even to hurt the staffs. And, it is always the bottleneck that arc makes the contact ablate during the breaking process of the aviation circuit breaker, which restraints the development of long life and high power circuit breaker. Therefore, the production of arc and its motion should be studied through searching effective methods of arc extinction to make system fault be isolated reliably and effectively so as to the stability of system. The SDB-A series circuit breaker is chosen as the main research object, and the arc properties in contacts breaking process and methods of arc extinction are researched in this paper. The main work is as followings:First, the arc simulation model is established in this paper. Then the proper magnetic blow program is chosen according to the established model. The shape and size of the permanent magnet is designed.Second, the distribution nephogram of magnetic induction intensity about contacts and arc are calculated and analyzed. And then, it studies the distribution rule. The force situation of arc in steady magnetic field is calculated. Besides, the force situation of arc is compared under different contact shapes, materials of contact, the numbers of grid plate and different currents.Third, the volt ampere characteristic of the arc is calculated in this paper. And it summarizes the methods of arc extinction.更多还原