【作者】 陈晨；

【导师】 张京明；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 车辆工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 大学生方程式赛车大赛(FSAE)是一项专门面向大学生的国际性比赛,该赛事自2010年引入中国后,得到了迅速的发展。2013年,大赛增设了纯电动FSAE赛车比赛。制动能量回收功能作为电驱动车辆的一项重要的节能措施,可以将车辆制动过程中原本以热能形式耗散掉的部分动能以电能的形式进行回收,从而提高电驱动汽车的行驶里程。在FSAE纯电动赛车中增设制动能量回收功能,不但可以增加赛车的行驶里程,提高能量利用率,同时也是传统的电驱动车辆节能技术在赛车领域应用的新探索,因此,该功能的引入具有较强的工程实践意义。本文以探索制动能量回收功能在FSAE纯电动赛车中的实现方式为主要研究目标,着重开展了以下工作:首先,在分析FSAE纯电动赛车相关设计参数的基础上,以新能源汽车仿真软件Advisor二次开发为重点,采用理论与数值建模相结合的方式,建立了适用于后轴驱动FSAE赛车的制动能量回收系统仿真模型。之后,以制动安全性能分析及研究对象特性分析为基础,设计了一种易于实现的后轴并联制动力分配控制策略。同时,统筹考虑制动安全性的提高与制动能量回收率的增强,在所建立的后轴并联制动力分配控制策略的基础上,提出了一种以自适应模糊PID算法为核心的制动能量回收控制策略,并在Matlab/simulink软件中对两种控制策略进行了软件建模。将所建立的控制策略模型与Advisor软件中所建立的系统仿真模型进行联合仿真,分析了两种控制策略在耐久赛工况中的能量回收效果,验证了所设计控制策略的可行性。最后,在分析制动能量回收核心控制系统所需实现的具体功能的基础上,完成了系统核心控制器的硬件设计,并以所建立的后轴并联控制策略为基础,完成了控制系统的软件设计。以实际传感器信号为输入,对所设计的控制系统进行了半实物模拟实验,验证了所设计控制系统的控制可行性。本文所设计的FSAE纯电动赛车制动能量回收系统具备较高的实用价值,同时,由于国内纯电动FSAE赛车发展时间较短,暂未有以其为研究对象的制动能量回收系统设计应用的相关文献,故本文也具有一定的理论参考意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Formula SAE(FSAE) is an international competition designed specifically for college students. The event has been rapidly developing since it was introduced into China in 2010. Electric FSAE racing competition was added to the event in 2013. Regenerative braking is an important energy-saving technology of eclectic-driven vehicle, part of the kinetic energy which dissipates in the form of heat during braking can be recovered in the form of electric by using this technology. Thus, the mileage of electric-driven vehicle can be improved. The way of adding this technology into an electric FSAE racing car can not only improve its mileage and energy efficiency, but also can be treated as a new exploration which bridges the gap between traditional vehicle technologies and racing vehicle technologies. Therefore, the introduction of this function has a profound engineering practice value.Aiming at the achievement of regenerative braking function on an electric FSAE racing car, following studies are fulfilled:Firstly, based on the analysis of relevant design parameters of an electric FSAE racing car, simulation models which are suitable for fulfilling the simulation of rear axle drive vehicle are established through the combination of theoretical modeling and numerical modeling in Advisor software.Then, an easily achieved parallel brake force distribution control strategy is carried out based on the analysis of braking safety and characteristics of the research object. At the same time, in order to improve the energy recovery rate and to enhance braking safety, a new regenerative braking control strategy based on adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm is proposed. Simulation models of the two control strategies are established in Matlab/simulink. Through the co-simulation of the models established in Matlab/simulink and Advisor under the endurance racing condition, the energy recovery effects of the two control strategies are analyzed. Also, the feasibility of the two control strategies is verified according to the simulation result.Finally, the hardware and software designs of the core controller are accomplished based on the analysis of the specific function of regenerative braking controller and the parallel regenerative braking control strategy established. Taking the actual sensor signal as input, semi physical simulation experiment on the control system designed is carried out. The feasibility of the control system is verified according to the result of the experiment.The regenerative braking system designed in this paper has high practical value. At the same time, due to the short developing time of the electric FSAE racing competition in China, there is almost no literature of regenerative braking system research on FSAE racing car. Therefore, the research in this paper also has a theoretical reference value.更多还原