【作者】 刘建国；

【导师】 姜洪源；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 机械工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 金属橡胶密封件具有耐高压、耐腐蚀、耐辐射、工作温度范围大、承载能力强及不易老化的特性,具有其他密封件所不能比拟的良好性能,将其应用在航空航天、国防武器装备等苛刻工况下的密封具有十分重要的意义。然而,由于金属橡胶密封件存在制备工艺难的问题,国内学者对其进行的理论与试验研究也较少,因此,本文从这三个方面进行研究,具体包括以下内容:针对金属橡胶密封件制备工艺存在的问题,设计了铣切的开口工艺,并设计加工了相应的开口设备;设计了滚轮与圆盘相配合的弯管工艺,并设计加工了相应的弯管设备。利用开口和弯管设备,制备了高温密封试验用不锈钢包覆金属橡胶密封件,经高温下的密封性能试验证明制备的密封件精度高、圆度好、统一度高,具有良好的的密封性能,可以达到一定压力和温度工况下的密封要求。基于Persson提出的弹性体接触力学理论和渗流理论,从密封耦合面表面形貌的微观角度出发,分析了金属橡胶密封件的封严特性,建立了金属橡胶密封件泄漏预测模型,并提出了基于有限元仿真的建模方法;结合金属橡胶密封件的静态试验,计算了其弹性模量、泊松比等力学特性参数,并给出了预测金属橡胶密封件泄漏率的经验公式;针对具有特定参数的金属橡胶密封件,结合试验具体温度、压力工况,给出了临界放大倍数仿真结果及泄漏率计算值,并与试验值对比,二者符合较好,对预测一定温度和压力工况下的金属橡胶密封件的密封性能提供了一定参考。进行了不同相对密度的金属橡胶密封件密封性能试验,研究了不同压力和温度工况下相对密度对其密封性能的影响,得出了不同压力下,不同相对密度的金属橡胶密封件泄漏率随温度的变化规律以及不同温度下,不同相对密度的金属橡胶密封件泄漏率随压力的变化规律,为密封件的实际工程应用提供了一定的指导;开展了与氟橡胶、丁腈橡胶O形圈,丁腈橡胶矩形圈及弹簧自紧式金属C形圈在不同压力和温度工况下的对比试验,研究了金属橡胶密封件更适用的温度和压力工况及其具有的密封性能优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Metal Rubber(MR)seal has a series of excellent properties that cannot be compared by other rubber seals, such as high pressure, corrosion and radiation resistance, strong bearing capacity, the large working range and aging resistance. It is significant for applying it in the special working environment such as aviation aerospace, defense and armament working condition. However, the MR seal has the problems of the difficult manufacturing process, the less research both in the theoretical and experimental aspects in our country. So the thesis will do some research in these aspects and the specific contents includes:With respect to the manufacturing problems of the MR seal, design the milling process to complete the pipe-opening and the pipe-bending process and manufacture the corresponding equipments. Manufacture the MR seals that coated by stainless steel using the equipments for the sealing experiments in the high temperature.Based on the elastic contact mechanics theory and percolation theory that put forward by Persson B N J, MR seal leakage prediction model is established and the sealing mechanism is analyzed from the microscopic angle of the surface roughness morphology of the seal-substrate coupling interface. Based on the finite element simulation method, the method of realizing the leakage prediction model is put forward. Through the mechanical properties experiment, mechanical properties of the MR such as Elastic Modulus, Poisson’s Ratio parameters are studied and the empirical formula of the seal leakage rate of MR is deduced. Combined with the working condition of experiments, the critical magnification result and the leakage rate values are given of a structural parameters of the MR seals applied in the experiments. The contrast which provides reference to predict the sealing performance of MR seal between theoretical value and experimental value under certain pressure and temperature conditions is conducted and as a result, they are basically both in line with each other.The experiments of the MR seals with different relative density are conducted and the influence of the relative density to the sealing performance is researched under different pressure and temperature conditions. The leakage rate laws changing with the temperature and pressure of different relative density of MR seal are obtained under different pressure and temperature, which provide certain guide for the practical engineering application of the MR seal; The contrast experiments with Fluorine rubber, NBR O-ring, NBR rectangle ring and spring self-tightening type metal C ring under different pressure and temperature conditions are conducted. The more applicable temperature and pressure conditions and sealing performance advantages of MR seals are studied.更多还原