【作者】 杨蕾；

【导师】 田青；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 企业管理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济发展和科技进步,消费者对产品的需求开始呈现多元化趋势。在这种市场竞争环境下,企业要想保持一定的市场竞争力,就要在不断进行产品创新的同时,降低生产成本,缩短生产周期,并提高交货速度。而对于制造业企业来说,这点又显得至关重要。在制造成本中,在制品库存成本占到了很大的比重。较高的在制品库存不仅会增加企业生产成本,而且会延长生产周期和交货期。然而过低的在制品库存又会影响企业生产的连续性和可持续性。在这种背景下,本文将探讨如何有效的控制在制品库存,使其在合理的范围内波动。根据研究背景和研究目的,本文对国内外在制品库存控制的研究现状进行评价,分别阐述了拉式生产方式、推式生产方式,并对MRPII、JIT的适用性进行分析。在此基础上,提出在拉式生产方式中运用约束理论对在制品进行控制的生产方式。并对计算看板数量的方法和设置缓冲区大小的方法进行分析,提出基于排队论计算缓冲区的方法。在计算排队论参数时,分别引入累计合格品率和返工率对需求量进行修正。此外,本文还利用排队论计算的理想在制品数量和实际在制品数量的相对差值,设定反映工序间实际在制品库存偏离理想在制品库存程度的θ值。并根据企业当前在制品库存水平和在制品管理水平将θ值划分为不同的区域,建立反映在制品库存水平的预警指标。根据预警指标所传递的预警信息,可以对工序间的在制品进行合理调节。本文将建立的预警指标运用到实际生产中,对预警指标运用前后的在制品控制效果进行对比分析。本文的案例分析结果显示基于拉式生产方式建立的预警指标可以在一定程度上反映在制品的实际状况,并在在制品控制方面有一定的实际指导作用。依据预警信息,对在制品库存进行适当的调节,保证在制品库存始终在合理范围内波动。这样既降低了生产成本,缩短生产周期和交货期,又提高了生产系统应对生产波动的能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, consumers show the trend of diversification demand for products. In this competitive market environment, manufacturing enterprises want to improve the market competitiveness, the best way is to keep effective control of the production cost, shorten the production cycle. WIP inventory costs account for a large proportion in the manufacture cost. High inventory will not only increase the production cost of the enterprise, but also will extend the production cycle and delivery. However low inventory will also affect the continuity of production, causing production disruptions. In this context, this article will discuss how to effectively control WIP within reasonable for a long-term.According to the background and the purpose of the study, this article reviews domestic and abroad literature about WIP control, respectively expounds the pull and push type production mode, then analys the applicability of MRPII, JIT. On this basis, this paper put forward using TOC in pull type production mode to control WIP. And analys the method of calculating Kanban quantity and set the buffer analysis, put forward the method of calculating the buffer based on queuing thoery. In the calculation of the queuing theory parameters, qualified product rate and rework rate are considered to modify the cumulative demand. In addition, this paper also use the relative difference θ value of ideal and actual WIP to reflect the deviation degree between the actual WIP and the ideal WIP. And the θ value is divided into different zones according to the current level of WIP and WIP management level, and early warning index is established to reflect the level of WIP. According to the warning messages, we can adjust the WIP between the processes. Finally, this article apply the early warning indicators in the actual production and discusses the results of case studies with longitudinal comparative analysis.In this paper, the case analysis results show that based on the pull mode of production of early warning indicators of WIP control has a certain practical effect. To a certain extent, Warning index reflect the status of the WIP, we can adjust the WIP inventory, keep the WIP inventory in ideal value range. This not only reduces the production cost, shorten production cycle and delivery, but also improve the ability of the system to respond to the fluctuation.更多还原