【作者】 曹伟；

【导师】 曹小琳；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济建设的快速发展以及城市化进程的加快,建设工程项目的数量急剧增加,然而在工程项目建设过程中也频繁的暴露出众多的工程质量问题,如抹灰空鼓起皮、混凝土爆模、现浇板裂缝、卫生间漏水、地下室防水不到位等常见的工程质量问题较为普遍,甚至梁柱开裂、建筑物倒塌等特别严重的质量事故也时有发生,给国家和人民的生命财产安全造成极大的隐患,既不能促进建筑行业的健康发展,也不能满足社会大众对工程质量的更高期待。由于建设工程项目具有参与主体多、投资大、建设周期长、项目的一次性和不可逆性、固定性以及项目环境的复杂多变性和不确定因素多等特征,而导致工程项目建设过程中出现各种各样的质量问题,进而影响建设工程项目进度目标和成本目标的顺利实施。文章分别对工程项目建设中最主要也是对工程质量的形成具有最直接影响的三大参与主体:建设单位、施工单位和监理单位对工程质量问题的影响进行分析研究,找出其影响工程质量问题的主要影响因素,并对各参与主体主要质量问题影响因素间的相互影响及共同点进行进一步的比较分析,从而提出针对性的工程质量问题防范措施及建议,不仅可以从理论上进一步完善工程质量管理的理论和方法,而且对保证和提高工程质量具有十分重要的现实意义。文章通过文献研究法对工程质量问题影响因素进行了梳理和归类,由于建设工程项目各参与主体在项目实施中虽然是合作伙伴,但其趋利性和质量控制职责又各不相同,引起工程质量问题的原因也不尽相同,因此文章结合WBS原理分别归纳总结出建设单位、施工单位和监理单位的工程质量问题影响因素,接着通过专家访谈法进一步修改和完善了建设工程项目各参与主体的工程质量问题影响因素表。接着根据研究的需要采用主成分分析法作为研究方法,分别构建建设单位、施工单位和监理单位工程质量问题影响因素的主成分分析模型,通过问卷调查法获取各质量问题影响因素对工程质量问题影响重要程度的数据,借助SPSS软件计算出建设工程项目各参与主体的主要工程质量问题影响因子,并对这些工程质量问题主要影响因子进行解释和重新命名。文章最后对各参与主体工程质量问题主要影响因子间的内在相互影响及共同点进行进一步的比较分析,从而提出工程质量问题防范措施及建议。文章的研究不仅进一步完善了工程质量管理的理论和方法,也为保证和提高工程质量提供了较好的措施及建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of China’s economic construction and urbanization, the number of construction projects has a sharp increase. However, there are also many construction quality problems in the process of construction projects, such as the common construction quality problems plaster hollowing and peeling, concrete burst mode, cast-in-place plate, toilet’s leaking, underground waterproofing problems even serious quality accidents some time happen for beams cracking, building collapse. It not only causes great potential security problems which damage the property of country and people but also can’t promote the healthy development of the construction industry and can’t meet people’s higher requirements for the construction quality. Because of these characteristics of construction projects, such as the participation of multi-subjects, the great investment, the long cycle of construction, the projects of temporality or stationarity, and the project environment of complexity and uncertainty, a variety of quality problems appear in the construction of engineering projects. Even it will affect the progress and the cost of the construction project. This paper respectively analyzes the problems which affect the projects quality by the owner, the contractor and supervision unit that the main three players have the most direct influence on the construction project. Then it founds out the key factors of affecting the construction quality problems and compares them. At last, this paper puts forward the measures and suggestions about to prevent construction quality problems which not only further improves the theories and methods of construction quality management in theory, but also has extremely important practical significance on improving construction quality.This paper has a classification analysis about the influence factors of engineering quality problems by the study of literature. Although the major participants are partners in the construction project, its benefit, the responsibility of the quality control and the causes of construction quality problems are different. Therefore, this paper respectively summarizes the influence factors of construction quality problems about the owner, the contractor and supervision unit according to the principle of WBS. Then it further modifies and improves the influence factors sheets of the construction quality problems about the major participants through the methods of expert interview. Next, according to the research demands, this paper respectively builds the model of principal component analysis about the influence factors of construction quality problems related to the owner, the contractor and supervision unit, and gets the data which is the importance of quality problem’s influence factors impacting on the construction quality. At last, with the help of SPSS software, it calculates the main influence factors of the construction quality, explains and renames them.This paper puts forward the measures and suggestions corresponding to prevent construction quality problems on the basis of the main influence factors about the major participants’ construction quality problems and by the comparison among the factors. The research of this paper not only further perfects the theories and methods of construction quality management, but also puts forward the measures and suggestions to guarantee and improve construction quality.更多还原