【作者】 刘艺；

【导师】 陈立泰；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 产业经济学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 制造业是我国国民经济的支柱产业,也是实现国内经济增长、提升产业国际竞争力的重要依托。然而,在“再工业化”国际竞争及国内资源成本上升、人民币升值的压力下,我国制造业的国际竞争优势被弱化,产业空洞化问题日益严重。同时,由于制造业经济效率低下,粗放式的发展方式导致生产资源趋于短缺、环境压力增大,制造业生产出现高耗能、高污染等问题,对我国经济与环境的可持续发展产生了严重的负面影响。因此,提高制造业效率,促进国民经济可持续发展迫在眉睫。近年来,随着经济发展,处于价值链两端的生产性服务业逐渐成为制造业的重要价值来源。生产性服务业能够降低制造业成本,促进其实现规模化生产,提高产品附加值,进而提升制造业效率。可见,生产性服务业在制造业生产与运营过程中发挥着重要作用,因此,研究生产性服务业对制造业效率的影响对于提升制造业效率具有重要意义。本文基于2004-2011年间我国30个省、直辖市、自治区的制造业21个细分行业的面板数据研究制造业效率问题。首先,梳理国内外关于生产性服务业、制造业效率以及二者关系的相关研究,综合运用数理模型和理论分析,厘清生产性服务业对制造业效率的影响机理。其次,运用随机前沿生产函数模型,实证分析中国的制造业效率以及我国东、中、西部地区制造业效率的区域差异。然后,结合中介效应检验思想,设定研究步骤与计量模型,实证检验我国生产性服务业对制造业效率的影响。同时,对影响制造业效率的其他重要因素进行了理论与实证分析。最后,提出促进我国制造业效率提升的对策建议,以期为提高国家竞争力和保持经济持续健康发展提供有益参考。通过理论与实证研究,本文得到的主要结论为:第一,我国制造业存在明显的效率损失,这也是导致制造业实际产出偏离最优产出的重要原因;第二,国内各地区制造业效率水平不协调,东部、中部、西部地区的制造业效率水平呈现出梯度下降的特点,呈现出较明显的区域差异;第三,生产性服务业既能够通过技术溢出影响制造业效率,也能够通过降低成本对制造业效率产生影响;第四,生产性服务业对制造业效率的影响主要体现为对制造业产生了积极的技术溢出效应;第五,制造业国有经济参与程度、FDI、出口贸易均对行业效率具有显著影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Manufacturing, the pillar industry in China’s national economy, plays an very important role in promoting the development of domestic economic growth and enhancing the international competitiveness. However, under the pressure of international competition of “re-industrialization”, the rising cost of domestic resources and the appreciation of the Chinese Yuan, the international competitive advantage of our manufacturing is weakening and the hollowing out problem is becoming more and more serious. At the same time, manufacturing development relays heavily on resources, bringing some problems such as energy-intensive and highly polluting, and these problems have a serious negative effect on the sustainable development of economy and environment. Therefore, improve manufacturing efficiency and promote the development of domestic economy are imminent. With the development of economy, producer services has gradually become an important value source of manufacturing. Producer services can enhance the operation continuity of manufacturing, reduce productive cost, promote large-scale produce, and increase the added value in production, thus improving the manufacturing efficiency. Therefore, producer service plays an extremely important role in the process of manufacturing production and operations, the study on the impact of producer services on manufacturing efficiency is meaningful.Based on the panel data of Chinese regions’ 21 manufacturing sub-sectors between 2004 and 2011, this paper analyzes China’s manufacturing efficiency. This paper starts with combing some studies on the producer services, manufacturing efficiency as well as the relationship between the two, and then combines the mathematical model with theoretical analysis to clarify the mechanism on how producer services impact manufacturing efficiency. After that, it uses the SFA model to analyze China’s manufacturing efficiency and its regional differences. The next step is to empirically test the impact of producer services on manufacturing efficiency; and test some other important factors’ impact on manufacturing efficiency as well. Lastly, it gives some advice on how to improve manufacturing efficiency, in the hope to promote domestic economic growth.Based on theoretical and empirical analysis, this paper draws some main conclusions: firstly, China’s manufacturing shows obviously technical inefficiency, which is the main reason why the real output deviates from the optimum one; secondly, the regional manufacturing efficiency is unbalanced in our country, it shows a gradient descent between eastern, central and western regions; thirdly, producer services can influence manufacturing efficiency in two ways, including technology spillover and reducing the cost of manufacturing intermediate inputs, the first one is the main one; lastly, the participation of state-owned companies, FDI and exports have significant impact on manufacturing efficiency as well.更多还原