【作者】 张娜；

【导师】 郑飂默；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（沈阳计算技术研究所） ， 计算机科学与技术， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 由于五轴机床受装配精度和旋转部件的影响,使机床出现结构误差造成刀具在刀位点处出现偏移,影响机床的加工精度。Axi Set五轴测量工具可在三维空间内对机床旋转轴性能进行快速、准确的自动测量,只是没有提供误差补偿等相关功能且国产数控系统并未集成与之有关的测量方案。本文通过分析Axi Set设备的系统集成方案,结合现有五轴测量方法,根据机床结构,建立三类五轴机床运动学模型。分析各项机床参数对刀心点位置的影响,使用Axi Set组件中的3D测针-球体装置对标准球球心进行不同角度的多次测量,记录每次测量时的标准球位置,结合五轴转换关系,对机床参数进行精确求解。根据测量原理,设计基于Axi Set的五轴测量方法并确定测量流程,将此测量方案集成到国产蓝天数控中。本文所提出的测量方法,对五轴机床的误差补偿正确描述了机床特征,保证了机床机械参数与数控系统参数的一致,而且对建立的各类误差模型均具有很好的通用性。Axi Set工具能够直接测量五轴机床的整体位置误差,从而缩短了获取测量值的时间,提高了测量速度,不仅可提高现有数控机床的加工精度,而且为以后多轴机床的测量提供了统一的测量基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of the influence of five axis machine tools by the assembly precision and rotating parts, makes the machine tool structure error appeared to lead to the deviation in the cutter location points, to reduce the machining accuracy of machine tools. Rotary axis performance of the machine tool can be automatic measured by Axi Set five axis measurement device rapidly and accurately in three-dimensional space, but did not provide related functions such as error compensation and domestic numerical control system was not integrated with the involved measurement scheme.In this paper, through the analysis of system integration solution based on the Axi Set device, combined with the existing five axis measurement method, according to the machine tools structure, three types of five-axis machine tools kinematics model was established. Analysis the influence of various machine parameters to the cutter location points, 3D probe-ball of Axi Set device was used for measuring standard sphere from different angles for several times, the positions of standard ball were recorded for each measurement, to calculate the machine parameters accurately combined with the relationship of the five axis transformation. According to the principle of measurement to design the five axis measurement method based on the Axi Set and determine the measurement process, the measurement scheme can be integrated into the domestic numerical control system.The measurement method proposed in this paper correctly describe the characteristics of machine tools to ensure the mechanical parameters and the parameters of the numerical control system are consistent, and has good generality for all kinds of machine models. Overall position error of five-axis machine tools can be measured directly by using Axi Set device, thus cutting down the measuring time and improving the measuring speed, which not only can improve the machining precision of the existing machine tools, but also provide a unified measurement basis for multi-axis machine tool in the future.更多还原