【作者】 李良；

【导师】 王晋； 胡志强；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 船舶与海洋工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 由于环境污染、能源危机、可持续发展等议题日益成为人类社会生活的中心内容,风电产业正受到全世界愈来愈多的关注。实际上,陆基风力发电的商业化运作已经取得的巨大成功,已经成为一些地区的支柱型能源。然而,陆基风力发电的视觉、噪声污染却长期以来饱受诟病;而且由于陆地风场先天性缺陷(低平均风速、高湍流度),工业界难以高效地利用风力资源。在这样的背景条件下,风电产业正谋求向深水风场进军并创造性地提出了浮式风机平台这一全新的海洋工程装备概念。本文对一半潜式浮式风机平台(OC4-Deep Cwind)在典型风、浪条件下的运动、载荷响应性能进行了全面的分析与研究,并自主开发了一套时域耦合分析程序——Wind-SKLOE作为浮式风机系统动力学响应的预报工具。在此基础上,本文开展了相应的模型试验研究,充分讨论了模型制造、尺度效应等核心议题并通过试验数据验证了该耦合分析程序的预报精度。最后,文章利用数值工具FAST对该浮式风机系统在非正常工作状态下的动力学性能进行了研究。本文具体研究内容如下:1.首先全面、详实地介绍浮式风机系统这一全新的概念,重点阐述其在工程应用上的挑战与不同研究方法。2.开发耦合动力学时域模拟程序(Wind-SKLOE)预报浮式风机系统的运动相应。水动力学数值模型基于线性势流理论,并通过叶素动量理论计算气动载荷。由于自由液面的记忆效应,辐射波浪力与浮体历史运动相关,Wind-SKLOE中采用脉冲响应理论对其进行模拟。此外,通过引入动态尾流模型对气动力学中的动态效应进行修正。3.以OC4-Deep Cwind半潜浮式风机系统为研究对象开展相应的模型试验研究,详细介绍试验设计思路以及操作过程。着重讨论在Froude数相似条件下由于Reynolds数不相似所导致的气动力载荷不匹配问题以及修正方法。4.通过模型试验测量数据对自主开发程序的预报精度进行验证,讨论该程序的适用性与局限性5.通过数值工具FAST对OC4-Deep Cwind浮式风机系统在非正常工作条件下的独特响应特性进行研究,重点讨论机舱内部传动机构强制关闭后的瞬态效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, issues like environmental pollution, energy crisis and sustainable development have aroused much concern among the public. However, traditional land-based wind turbines have been continually complained about the visual, acoustic and environmental impacts. Due to more turbulent breezes and lower annual mean wind velocity, it is technologically hard to achieve higher energy efficiency from onshore wind resource. Therefore, the industry is advancing into deep water and an increasing amount of effort is devoted to the study of offshore floating wind turbines.This paper is devoted to theoretical and experimental research on a semi-submersible offshore floating wind turbine(OC4-Deep Cwind semi-submersible concept). A 6DOF time-domain simulation code, Wind-SKLOE, is developed in Matlab based on potential flow theory and blade element momentum theory. Meanwhile, model test is undertaken in the Offshore Deepwater Basin at Shanghai Jiao Tong with the primary objective of grasping a further understand of OFWT dynamic character. In the end, the transient responses of the reference system after emergency shutdown is investigated with the numerical tool FAST. The main research in this paper is summarized as following:1. Present a comprehensive sketch of the offshore floating wind turbine concept, with emphasis on the challenges of industrial application and the state-of-the-art methodologies employed to carry out the coupled analysis.2. Develop a coupled aero-hydro simulation code, namely Wind-SKLOE, to predict time-domain motion response of offshore floating wind turbine. Linear potential flow theory is applied in the modeling of hydrodynamic loads and blade element momentum method is used to calculate aerodynamic force. Memory effects of free surface condition are addressed by impulse response theory. Besides, a dynamic wake model is incorporated to take the unsteadiness of wind into account. 3. This paper presents a detailed description of the model test conducted at Offshore Deepwater Basin in Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The correction methods of poor rotor aerodynamic performance due to low Reynolds number in a Froude scaled environment is fully discussed. 4. Validate the developed code by measured model test data. 5. Investigate transient effects on floating wind turbine dynamic response in emergency shutdown.更多还原