【作者】 黄艳华；

【导师】 曹月娥；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 地理学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 研究目的:在经济快速发展的今天,城市化的速度也随之加快。我国是典型的人口大国,人口众多而可利用的土地面积较少,城市的发展越来越面临着土地资源紧缺的限制,阻碍着城市经济、社会的发展和人民生活水平的提高。和田市位于干旱的西北荒漠地区,处于水土资源极度缺乏的环境之中,近年来更是由于不合理的土地开发利用和环境污染,如过度放牧、不合理的农田灌溉、工业带来的土地污染等,加剧了人地间的矛盾。为了解决土地利用现状中存在的一些问题,使土地资源得到充分的保护和利用,对和田市土地资源进行调整和规划已经迫在眉睫。本研究综合生态、社会、经济三大效益,结合和田市具体情况对土地资源进行优化配置,以期使土地产出效益达到最大,更好地适应和保护当地脆弱的生态环境。研究方法:本研究结合前人对土地资源优化配置的研究方法,对和田市土地利用现状进行分析,采用灰色多目标动态规划模型法,构建土地资源调整优化模型,通过求解模型获得土地优化方案,使土地资源达到合理的配置。依据和田市土地利用规划和未来发展趋势,设置决策变量,建立三大目标函数并建立约束方程,运用WINQSB软件求解模型,获得土地利用结构调整方案,最后通过对灰色关联度的分析得出和田市土地资源优化方案。研究结果:基于对和田市现状的分析,找出了和田市土地利用现状中存在的一些问题。为了解决问题,本研究综合考虑经济、社会与生态三方面效益的相互协调性,建立优化方案评价指标体系,最终得出土地利用优化方案。根据2020年土地资源优化方案,为保障全市粮食供给,农用地中耕地增加251.99公顷;园地和林地分别增加97.28公顷、40.3公顷,有利于改善和田市城市环境;牧草地增加57.14公顷,为畜牧业的发展提供了可靠的基础。近年来,和田市城市化步伐加快、人口增长迅速,建设用地中城乡建设用地至2020增加345.57公顷;交通用地增加34.8公顷;其他建设用地增加较少,增加12.96公顷。自然保留地大幅减少,至2020年为17427.69公顷。研究结论:总体来说,根据优化方案,一方面农用地的增加,有效改善了该区生态环境;另一方面建设用地的增加,满足了人口迅速增长以及人民生活水平改善带来的社会需求的增加。但是建设用地也不是无限制的增加,应在扩大建设用地面积的同时提高建设用地整体规划质量,用最少的土地创造出最大的效益。自然保留地的减少,不仅提高了土地利用率,也在一定程度上缓解了人地间的矛盾。分析土地利用现状能够很好地了解目前土地利用中存在的问题,为将来土地规划提供科学依据。研究区域土地资源的优化配置,对改善土地利用结构、提高土地利用综合效益以及实现土地资源的永续利用起到一定的促进作用,有利于国民经济持续、健康发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research purposes: The speed of urbanization has been accelerated, because of today’s rapid economic development. China is a country which typical of it’s population, the population is very large but available land is little, the development of the city are increasingly faced with the shortage of land resources, hinders the development of city’s economy, society and the improvement of people’s living standards. Hotan, located in the northwest arid desert region,which is short of land resources and water resources. In recent years, due to the unreasonable development and utilization of land and environmental pollution, such as excessive grazing, unreasonable irrigation, industrial land pollution and so on, intensified the contradictory of man-land. In order to solve some of the problems existing in the present situation of land use, to make land resources be fully protection and utilization, adjust and planning Hotan land resources is around the corner. Integrated ecological, social and economic benefits, combining the concrete facts of Hotan to optimal allocation land resources, so as to make the utilized land achieve it’s maximum output, and can be well adapt and protect to the local vulnerable ecological environment.Research methods: In combination with previous research method and make full analysis on optimal allocation of land resource,this study proposed to use the method of grey multiobjective dynamic programming model. Analyzing the present situation and problems of land use in Hotan, building land resource adjustment and optimization model, and to obtain land schemes by solving the model, to achieve the reasonable configuration of land resources. Reference The Hotan Land-Use Planning and the trend of future development, set up the decision variables, build three objective function and constraint equation, and using WINQSB software to solve the model, obtain the structure adjustment schemes of land use, finally by analyze the grey correlation degree to choose the land resources optimization solution of Hotan.Results: Based on the analysis of the current situation of Hotan, finding out some of the problems existing in the present situation of land use in Hotan. In order to solve the problem, this study considers the mutual coordination of economic, social and ecological benefits, optimization evaluation index system is established, finally it is concluded that the optimization solution of land use. According to optimization solution of land resources by 2020, to protect the city’s food supply, arable land in agricultural land increase 251.99 hectares; garden plot and forest land increase 97.28 hectares and 40.3 hectares, is conducive to improve the city environment of Hotan; grassland increase 57.14 hectares, provides a reliable basis for the development of animal husbandry. In recent years, the acceleration of urbanization and the population growth are rapid, urban and rural construction land in construction land increase 345.57 hectares by 2020; the traffic land increase 34.8 hectares; other construction land increase less, increase 12.96 hectares. Natural reserve sharply reduced 17427.69 hectares by 2020.Research conclusions: Overall, according to the scheme of optimization, on the one hand, the increase of agricultural land improve the ecological environment effectively; on the other hand, the increase of construction land, meeting the rapid population growth and people’s living standards improved with the increase of social demand. But it’s not unlimited increase, it should be improve the quality of construction land use overall plan during the expansion of construction land at the same time, with the least amount of land to create the biggest benefit. The reduce of nature reserve, not only can improve the land utilization, and to a certain extent, ease the contradiction between the contradictory of man-land. Analysis present situation of land use is capable of a good understanding of the problems existing in the current land use, provide a scientific basis for the future land planning. The research of the optimal allocation of regional land resources, play a certain role in improve the land use structure and comprehensive benefit of land use, is conducive to sustained use of land resources,and achieve sustainable and healthy development of the national economy.更多还原