【作者】 刘莉；

【导师】 秦襄培； 张向明；

【作者基本信息】 武汉工程大学 ， 机械工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 磨损是摩擦学三大基本内容之一,在现代工业社会,不管是轻工业还是重工业都存在着磨损现象,而由于磨损造成的损失是巨大的,因此研究零件的磨损规律,发展磨损试验方法对于提高零件的寿命和可靠性是极为重要的。本文以销盘式试验机试样滑动摩擦产生的环形磨痕为例,运用两种测量磨痕宽度的方法,一种是标尺法测量,另一种是投影法测量,实现了磨痕的快速测量,并对投影法测量方法进行了拓展研究,主要研究内容如下:(1)本文对国内外磨损测量现状做了初步研究,总结了磨损量现有的测量方法,并对各种方法的利弊进行了详细的阐述。(2)设计了图像的预处理算法,首先对图像进行灰度化处理,再对图像阈值分割,通过比较不同的阈值分割方法的结果,选取了Otsu阈值法得到二值图像,再通过数学形态学处理方法对二值图像中非磨痕的噪声点进行删除,得到突出磨痕的图像。(3)运用了两种方法测量磨痕的宽度,投影法和标尺法,投影法的测量过程比标尺法复杂,但是对于形状不规则的磨痕来说,投影法优于标尺法,而且投影法能够排除人为干扰,测量结果更为准确。本文基于MATLAB GUI打包了磨痕测量软件,包括文件、图像灰度化、阈值分割、数学形态学处理、磨痕宽度测量以及磨痕的面积测量六个模块,该软件能够实现磨痕宽度以及面积的快速测量。(4)本文提出的投影法测量方法,不仅能够运用于测量磨痕宽度问题,也适用于其他领域内的测量问题。特别是在实验室设备有限的情况下,对于毫米级以下的宽度测量投影法将是很好的选择,且投影法测量精度高于标尺法测量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wear is one of the three basic contents of Tribology, in modern industrial societies, there are signs of wear either in light or heavy industry, and losses which were caused by wear is enormous, so study part of the wear pattern and development method of abrasion test for improving component life and reliability is extremely important. This paper introduced traditional and existing measurement methods, take ring wear which was produced by pin-on-disk wear testing machine as example, we introduced two methods of measuring wear width, one is painting line measurement method, the other one is projection measurement method. And we have done more continue expand researches about projection measurement method, the research achievements are mainly as follows:(1) Firstly, we introduced the research at home and abroad about wear measurement, summarized traditional and existing of measurement methods, and described in detail the advantages and disadvantages of each method.(2) We designed a set of preprocessing method before using the projection measurement method. First, we accomplished color image gray processing, then, we used different threshold methods process the gray image, and compared the results to choose the best threshold methods, finally we chose Otsu threshold methods to obtain the binary image. The segmentation was completed by morphology operations and we got the image that highlighted the wear region, Final projection method is used to measure the wear width, compared to scale method, projection method are more accurate without human intervention.(3) Using both measuring methods, projection method and visual analogue scale, projection measuring process more complicated than visual analogue scale, but to irregular shape wear, projection method is better than the visual analogue scale and projection method are more accurate. Based on MATLAB GUI pack a wear scar measurement software, including files, images, grayscale, threshold segmentation, mathematical morphology, wear scar width measurement and wear scar measurement of area of six modules, the software is able to realize rapid measurement of wear scar width and area. We built wear analysis and measuring software based on the MATLAB GUI, the software including files, gray processing, threshold segmentation, mathematical morphology, Wear width and area measurement, this software can realize the wear width and area rapid measurement.(4) Projection measurement method is proposed in this paper can not only be applied to measure the wear width but also be applied to the field of tribology in the plating layer thickness determination. Despite the limited laboratory conditions, Nano-plating layer thickness is hard to determine, the projection method would be a good choice, and projection method has higher accuracy.更多还原