【作者】 刘彤；

【导师】 颜士鹏；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 全球范围内的生物多样性在基于气候变化的背景下正遭受着前所未有的压力。气候变化作为一个全球性的问题,它对物种和生态系统的影响正在逐渐体现出来,严重威胁着人类的生存和发展。气候变化、生物多样性保护和人类的可持续发展应当得到综合性的考虑,为此,需要对相关的法律制度进行完善以应对气候变化。目前国际上存在两条应对气候变化的基本途径：减缓和适应。与减缓性措施相比,我国对适应的研究还比较落后,但由于气候变化是一个长期且不可逆的过程,近些年来国际社会对采取适应性措施也开始重视起来。对于正在遭受着气候变化损害的生物多样性来说,研究如何通过相关的法律制度对其进行完善和保护,具有迫切的现实必要性。为此,本文以目前国际上普遍关注着的气候变化为背景,深入探究了我国生物多样性保护立法所存在的问题,并通过借鉴国外的成功经验,尝试完善与生物多样性适应性保护相关的环境影响评价、自然保护区、生态监测、资金保障等法律制度,旨在为生物多样性的可持续发展提供强有力的保障。全文共包括五个部分。第一部分阐述了基于气候变化这一因素对生物多样性进行适应性保护的研究背景、研究目的和意义,以及国内外对此问题的研究进程；第二部分主要介绍了气候变化与生物多样性这两个主旨问题的相关理论,又通过对减缓和适应两项措施在保护生物多样性方面的比较分析引出了我国在这方面颁布的几部法律文件；第三部分是对我国现有的与生物多样性保护相关的法律法规进行分析,着重对我国现行立法中应对气候变化问题存在的缺陷进行阐述和研究；第四部分主要是对国际法范围内应对气候变化的适应性机制进行阐述,主要分为国际公约文件及外国国内法两个领域,为我国相关法律制度的完善提供了宝贵的经验；第五部分,在相关理论及国外成功经验的借鉴基础上,文章主要是对如何完善适应性的生物多样性保护法律制度提出了具有较强针对性的意见和建议,以促进气候变化背景下我国生物多样性保护法律体系的完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the background of climate change, the biodiversity is suffering unprecedented pressure globally. Climate change is worldwide issue, and its effects on species and ecosystems have gradually emerged, which threaten human existence and development. Climate change, biodiversity conservation and the sustainable development of human beings should be comprehensively considered.Therefore,we need to rebuild the related legal system to cope with climate change. At present, two basic international ways are used to cope with climate change: mitigation and adaptation. Compared to methods of mitigation, the studies of adaptation are lagging behind, international community has started to attach importance to adaptive measurements recently, because climate change is a long-term and irreversible process. For the biodiversity damaged by climate change, it is essential and practical to research how to use related laws to improve biodiversity conservation. Therefore, on the background of globally concerned climate change, i have in-depth studied the problem of biodiversity protection legislation in our country, and through the draw lessons from foreign successful experience, try to improve the adaptability and biodiversity protection of the legal system about environmental impact assessment, natural reserve, ecological monitoring, financial security, in order to provide a powerful guarantee for the sustainable development of biodiversity.This article is divided into five parts. The first part expounds the factors based on the climate change on biodiversity of adaptive protection research background, research purpose and meaning, and the research process of this problem at home and abroad. The second part mainly introduces the climate change and biodiversity of these two theme related theory of the problem, and through to the two measures for mitigation and adaptation in protecting biodiversity of comparative analysis led to our country in this regard issued several legal documents. The third part is about China’s existing laws and regulations related to the biodiversity protection were analyzed, and emphasizes to tackle climate change issues in the current legislation in China and elaborates the defects of research. The fourth part is mainly to address climate change within the scope of international law on the paper expounds the evolution of the adaptive mechanism, mainly divides into the international convention for the file and the foreign domestic law two areas, for the improvement of the system of law provides a valuable experience. The fifth part, the related theory and based on the foreign successful experience for reference, the article is mainly about how to improve the adaptability of biodiversity protection law system has strong pertinent opinions and suggestions are put forward, in order to promote climate change under the background of the perfect biodiversity protection law system in our country.更多还原