矿用车770 (30T级)驾驶室ROPS装置力学性能仿真分析与结构改进研究

【作者】 刘涛；

【导师】 陈靖芯；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 车辆工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文结合科技部火炬计划项目“扬州市汽车及其零部件先进制造与测试分析中心建设(2012GH530716)”和扬州市科技项目“中挖系列驾驶室ROPS/FOPS装置安全性设计与结构优化关键技术研发”,以江苏奔宇车身制造有限公司生产的矿用车770(30T级)驾驶室ROPS为研究对象,对该矿用车驾驶室ROPS力学性能展开研究,并根据仿真结果提出提升ROPS力学性能的三种改进方案。论文的主要内容如下：首先,根据工程车辆现阶段的应用情况,介绍了工程车辆驾驶室安全保护结构的研究背景和研究意义。综述了工程车辆驾驶室安全保护结构国际国内标准的制定情况以及国内外研究概况。总结了国内外在ROPS研究过程中存在的主要问题。其次,结合矿用车驾驶室ROPS的结构特点和力学性能对仿真分析的基本理论、计算方法、沙漏控制、时间步长控制以及有限元模型建立的关键技术进行了阐述。经过对求解非线性问题的隐式算法和显式算法的分析对比,选择显式算法作为该研究的求解方法。利用CATIA制图软件建立了矿用车驾驶室ROPS三维模型,对ROPS进行适当的简化。并将简化后的模型导入HyperMesh中,选择了四边形单元和三角形单元相结合的单元类型对三维模型进行网格划分。针对ROPS所用材料Q235B、Q345B进行了材料拉伸试验,获得相应的应力-应变曲线,如实的赋予给所建立的有限元模型。根据国标所规定的加载试验对ROPS的性能要求,定义了该有限元模型的约束条件与载荷大小。最后,利用LS-DYNA软件对所建立的有限元模型分别进行了侧向、垂向、纵向三个方向的仿真分析,获得相应载荷条件下各个方向的最大位移云图与最大应力云图。针对仿真结果,提出了三种结构改进的方案。并将改进后的ROPS按照标准GB/T17922-2014的要求对其侧向、垂向、纵向三个方向逐一的进行仿真分析,得到各个改进方案下的仿真结果。通过对比分析,根据方案三所改进的ROPS其力学性能满足标准GB/T17922-2014的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the research is supported by Torch Pragram- The construction of advanced manufacturing and Analysis Center of Yangzhou automobile and parts (2012GH530716) and Yangzhou science and technology plan project-The key technology research and development of medium-sized excavators cab FOPS/ROPS security design and structure optimization. Jiangsu Benyu automobile body manufacturing company limited production of The mining vehicles 770 (grade 30T) cab ROPS as the object of study, according to the requirements of the national standards GB/T17922-1999, simulating the mechanical properties of the original ROPS.three kinds of improved scheme by the simulation results, the main contents of this paper is as follows:Firstly, according to the application of the engineering vehicles at the present stage, introduces the background and significance of the safety protective structure research of the engineering vehicle cab. review of the develop process of the international and domestic standards of the safety protective structure research of the engineering vehicle cab and the domestic and foreign research situation, and summarizes the main problems in the process of ROPS research at home and abroad.Secondly, according to the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of mining vehicle cab ROPS discussed the basic theory of simulation, the key technology of calculation methods, the hourglass control, time step control and the establishment of the finite element model. The implicit algorithm for solving the nonlinear problem and explicit comparison algorithm, select the explicit algorithm as the solution method of the research. To establish three-dimensional model of mining vehicle cab ROPS by using CATIA software, and simplified the three-dimensional model. And imported the simplified model into HyperMesh. Choice quadrilateral and triangular elements as unit type to meshing the 3D model. For the ROPS material Q235B and Q345B tensile test, to obtain the corresponding stress-strain curve, given to the established finite element model with the facts. According to the performance requirements of load test specified in the national standard of ROPS, defines the constraint conditions and load size of the finite element model.Finally, by using the LS-DYNA software simulate the model of lateral, vertical, vertical direction of the three, obtains the corresponding load condition in every direction the maximum displacement and the maximum stress cloud chart. Three kinds of improved scheme put forward by the simulation results. According to the requirements of the national standards GB/T17922-2014, simulating the lateral and vertical and longitudinal direction of the mechanical properties of the improved ROPS. Obtained the simulation results under various improvement scheme. Through comparative the result of the analysis, according to the scheme of three ROPS improved the mechanical properties meet the requirements of the standard GB/T17922-2014.更多还原