【作者】 李霞；

【导师】 任东景；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 互联网正在改变世界,也在改变着中国,社会生活的方方面面几乎都被囊括进了网络这一具有魔力的口袋之中,大学生利用网络学习、生活、工作和娱乐。但是,事物总有两面性。网络世界是美好的,同时也是复杂的,网络世界是自由的,同时也可能是混乱的。大学生身上存在的一些网络问题,为我们敲响了警钟,必须提升大学生的网络媒介素养水平,使大学生能用网、擅于用网。这既是实现大学生全面发展的应有之义,也是构建良好网络公共环境的必然要求,这既有利于我国素质教育的推进,也有利于培养合格的社会主义建设者和接班人。我国关于媒介素养的研究起步较晚,关于大学生网络媒介素养教育的研究也是处于初始阶段,关于大学生网络媒介素养内涵的界定学术界没有达成共识。本文在基于已有研究成果的基础上,对这一内涵进行了重新梳理和总结。本文认为大学生网络媒介素养包含以下五个主要方面：网络媒介认知和使用能力、网络信息的处理能力、网络行为的自我管理和约束能力、网络安全意识、网络自主学习与创新发展能力。本研究以这五方面内容为主线,设计了旨在了解大学生网络媒介素养现状的调查问卷,对800名河南省大学生进行了调查。通过对调查数据的分析得知以下内容：大学生网络媒介素养积极方面：具有较高的网络媒介认同感和认知意识、具有较高的网络使用操作能力、具有一定的思辨性处理信息的能力、具有较高的网络安全意识。大学生网络媒介素养存在的问题：对网络信息处理能力有待进一步提高、网络行为自我管理及约束力较差、自主学习与网络创新发展能力较差。大学生网络媒介素养水平受到多方面因素的影响,主要有大学生自身原因、高校原因、家庭原因和社会原因等。大学生方面的原因主要是：学生的非理性倾向较重、自我管理和约束能力不强、部分大学生自主学习能力不强。高校对大学生网络媒介素养教育重视程度不高,主要表现为：缺乏网络媒介素养教育课程设置、部分教师业务素质水平不高、校园网络媒介素养文化氛围不浓。家庭方面主要是家庭引导存在缺失。社会方面的原因主要有：网络自身的开放性、虚拟性等对问题的出现起到了推波助澜的作用,还有就是一些媒介机构的行为失范,影响了大学生的言行。以上这些原因导致了大学生网络媒介素养问题的出现。提升大学生的网络媒介素养水平,需要各方面的共同努力。首先,大学生要积极发挥主体性作用,自觉培养理性思维能力、提高自我管理和约束能力。其次,高校应该发挥基础性教育作用,完善大学生网络媒介素养领导体制,发挥课堂教育主渠道作用,加强高素质师资队伍建设,营造良好的校园网络文化氛围。再次,家庭对于子女的影响是巨大的,因而家长需要提升自身网络媒介水平、更新观念,与孩子建立良好家庭关系。然后,由于网络世界需要外部监管,所以政府应发挥行政作用,加强对网络的监管。最后,大众媒介要承担社会责任,积极发挥自身宣传性作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Internet is not only changing the world but also changing China. Almost every aspect of social life is included into the network, and college students use the internet for learning, living, work and amusement. But, Things always have two sides. The internet world is wonderful, but also complex; the internet world is free, but also may be confused. Some network problems of college students are a wake-up call for us that we must enhance the level of the network media literacy of college students, which make college students have the ability to use and be good at using the internet. This is not only embodied in the all-round development of college students, but also an inevitable requirement to build a good network of public environment; and it is conducive to the development of quality education, but also conducive to cultivating qualified socialist builders and successors.Research on media literacy starts late in our country, and the research on college students’network media literacy education are also at the initial stage. Because of the connotation of college students’ network media literacy is still no consensus in academia so in this paper the author has re-sorted and summarized this connotation which is based on the existing achievements. This paper argues that college students’network media literacy includes the following five aspects:The cognitive ability of network media and the ability to use network media, the ability to process network information, the ability to manage and constraint his own network behavior, the network security awareness, the ability of self-learning and to use the internet to innovate. The author designs a questionnaire which is based on the five aspects as the main line and the questionnaire aims to master the network media literacy condition of college students. Then the author has carried on the survey on 800 college students in Henan Province. From the analysis of the survey data we can learned the following contents:the positive aspects of college students’network media literacy:they have a higher network media identity and cognitive awareness, a higher ability to use and operate the network, certain intelligent ability to process information and higher network security awareness. The network media literacy problems of college students are as followings: their network information processing ability needs improve, and the ability of self-management and constraint network behavior is relatively poor, and the ability of autonomous learning and development of network innovation ability is poor. The college students’ network media literacy level is influenced by several factors, mainly including college students, universities, family, society, etc. Students’ reason has the following aspects:college students have a heavier irrational tendency, relatively weak ability of self-management and constraints, and some college students have a poor autonomous learning ability. The university’s emphasis on students’network of media literacy is not high, mainly includes the following aspects:the lack of a network of media literacy education curriculum, the low professional level of the network media literacy teachers, the thin cultural environment of campus network. Family’s reason is short of parents’ guide. The social reason’s are as followings:the openness of the network and the networks’ nature of the virtual played their part on problems, and some intermediaries have anomie behavior which affects the college students’ words and deeds. All these reasons lead to the emergence of college students’ network media literacy problem. All aspects need to work together to enhance the network media literacy of college students. First, college students need to play an active role in subjectivity and consciously develop the way of rational thinking and improve self-management capabilities. Second, universities should play the role of foundational education, and improve the leadership system of college students’ media literacy, and play the role of the main channel of the classroom teaching, and create a good campus network culture atmosphere. Again, the influence of family for children is huge, so parents should improve their network media literacy level, renew their ideas and construct a good family relationship with their children. Then, because the network needs external supervision so the government should play the administrative role and strengthen the supervision of the network. Finally, the mass media should undertake their social responsibility and actively play the role of publicity.更多还原