【作者】 杨昆；

【导师】 魏兵； 王江江；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国社会经济的快速发展,能源需求与日俱增,化石能源的大规模使用造成的能源短缺、环境污染等问题日益严重,对可再生能源进行合理地开发利用已迫在眉睫。在这样的背景之下,本文提出了基于生物质气化的冷热电联供系统,以期对我国生物质能源的合理利用提供一些参考。首先,本文以能量梯级利用原理为基础,提出了一种基于生物质气化技术的冷热电联供集成系统,采用热管式气-液换热器回收生物质气的高温余热,并与生物质气发电后的余热回收利用相集成从而提高整个系统的余热利用效率,另外就系统构成、设备选择及能量合理利用等方面对系统进行了分析。其次,分析了生物质气化冷热电联供系统在不同季节的不同运行模式,并进行了相应的热力学第一定律和第二定律平衡分析;以北京市某宾馆建筑为例,求得了生物质气化冷热电联供系统在不同季节运行模式下的一次能源利用率和?效率,得到了能源损失和?损失在系统中的分布规律;并以无热管式气-液换热器的冷热电联供系统为参照对象,比较了两系统在年生物质耗量、多余产品输出、一次能源利用率和?效率等方面的热力性能。最后,建立了生物质气化冷热电联供系统在生物质种植、生物质收储运、系统建设与运行、系统报废回收等不同阶段的生命周期评价模型,评估了联供系统在环境影响、能源消耗以及成本构成等方面的生命周期性能,揭示了联供系统容量对生物质成本、供能成本、全球变暖潜值以及能耗等方面的生命周期性能的影响规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rapid development of society and economy lead to quick energy increase and larger energy consumption. The large-scale utilization of fossil energy lead to energy shortage and environmental pollution. Consequently, the reasonable exploitation and utilization of renewable energy is urgent. This paper proposed and studied a combined cooling heating, and power(CCHP) system based on biomass gasification to provide some references for rational use of biomass energy in China.Based on the theory of energy cascade utilization, a CCHP system intergrated with biomass gasification is proposed. Heat pipe heat exchanger(HPHE) is integrated to the CCHP system to recovery the waste heat of the product gas from gasifier. The recovered waste heat is integrated with the waste heat from the exhaust gas after electricity generation to improve the efficiency. The system configuration, equipment selection and energy utilization and so on are also analyzed.Then, the different operation strategies of the CCHP system are presented, moreover, the energy and exergy flows are analyzed according to the first and the second laws of thermodynamics. A hotel in Beijing being an example demonstrates the analyses. The primary energy rate and exergy efficiency in different operation strategies are obtained. Furthermore, the distributions of energy and exergy losses of all equipment in the CCHP system are obtained. The performances including annual biomass consumptions, excess product outputs, primary energy rate and exergy efficiency are compared between the CCHP systems with and without HPHE.Finally, life cycle assessment models including biomass planting, collection-storage-transportation, power plant construction and operation, demolition and recovery are constructed. The life cycle environmental impact, energy consumption and cost are evaluated, and the cost, global warming potential and energy consumption changed with CCHP capacity are discussed.更多还原