【作者】 王鹏；

【导师】 汪中华；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 应用经济学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染越来越严重,全年空气质量不达标天数基本呈逐年上升趋势,在空气质量不达标期间,城市居民的日常生活、交通运输、身体健康以及城市的经济发展都受到不同程度的影响。由于这些影响越来越大,民众、政府以及有关研究部门对大气颗粒污染的重视程度都越来越高。鉴于哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染的健康经济损失的研究非常缺乏,本文将对哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染造成的健康危害经济损失进行评价研究,研究内容如下。本文在对哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染的来源、组成成分以及变化趋势全面分析的基础上,首先,针对大气颗粒物污染问题,选择最具代表性的污染因子、健康效应终点、暴露人群三个指标,运用流行病学法对大气颗粒物污染造成的城市居民健康危害进行评估。其次,估计大气颗粒物污染因子与受污染影响的健康损害之间的关系,将大气颗粒物污染所造成的各类健康危害货币化,进而计算出哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染相关健康效应终点的经济损失。最后,选取大气颗粒物污染因子,计算大气颗粒物污染综合指数,结合哈尔滨市人均GDP构建“EKC”曲线模型,估算未来哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染指数及污染因子浓度,预测未来大气颗粒物污染造成的损失。最后,从政府和城市居民角度给出降低哈尔滨大气颗粒物污染危害健康经济损失的建议,为哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染的防治提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, the atmospheric particulate pollution is getting worse in Harbin. The annual days do not meet air quality standard are increasing basically, and the daily life of urban residents, transportation, health and economic development of the city are affected in different degrees. With the growing effects, the people, the government and the research departments become to pay more attention to atmospheric particulate matter pollution. Because lack research of the economics loss of health hazards in Harbin, this paper will evaluate the economic losses of health hazards of atmospheric particulate pollution in Harbin, the research contents are as follows.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the sources, composition and change trend of atmospheric particulate, this paper found out the problems of the pollution of atmospheric in Harbin. Then, choose the most representative index pollution factors, health outcomes, the exposed population, use the method of epidemiology to evaluate the city residents health hazards caused by atmospheric particulate pollution. Estimate the relationship between the atmospheric particulate pollution factors and the health damage affected by atmospheric particulate pollution; monetize all the health damages affected by atmospheric particulate pollution, to calculate the economic loss of related health outcomes. Finally, this paper choose atmospheric particulate pollution factors, calculate the comprehensive index of atmospheric particulate pollution, combine the comprehensive index and Per Capital GDP to construct “EKC” curve model, estimate the atmospheric particulate pollution comprehensive index and the concentration of pollutants, forecast the economic loss caused by atmospheric particulate pollution, Finally, this paper provides some suggestion on how to reduce the health hazards and economic losses of atmosphere particulate pollution in Harbin, to provide reference for the prevention and cur of atmosphere particulate pollution.更多还原