【作者】 刘超；

【导师】 周华；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 在石油开采过程中,试油试采是探明油井开采能力和开发价值的重要试井步骤,有杆泵抽汲相对于其他试井方式具有更强的探井适应能力。有杆泵是通过地面部分的举升装置即抽油机来提供动力的。常规的游梁式抽油机庞大笨重,一般为固定式结构,且冲程、冲次不可调节,因此不适用于试油试采工作。目前,急需一种可以快捷移动,同时具备冲程与冲次可调功能的抽油装置,可实现短期内对新油井的试油试采或对老油井的二次开采。针对上述需求,本文研究设计了一种移动式试油试采举升装置,集机、电、液技术为一体,具备运行状态监测和参数可调控制功能,可满足试油试采举升装置机动性、高效性、安全性及自动控制等方面的要求。本论文的主要内容如下：第一章,综述当前试油试采工作所采用的设备发展历程,介绍油田开采设备的类型和各种特点、发展历程及国内外研究现状,阐述本课题的研究目的和意义,并介绍主要设计研究内容。第二章,从技术要求出发,针对试油试采工作的特殊性,设计了四种驱动机构方案,利用仿真工具分析比较了这四种设计方案,从技术实现以及实际应用角度从中择优选取最终实施方案。对最终选定的方案从机械原理方面进行初步设计计算,并从机械结构角度对整机结构进行划分和设计。第三章,对实施方案的主驱动系统进行设计,从技术指标出发,根据抽油和修井两种不同的工况,设计了可满足两种工况要求的传动滑轮组机构,并设计了基于液压平衡的开关磁阻电机驱动绞车,以及与之配套可适用于不同工况的换挡变速装置。此外对配套的液压系统进行了设计计算和元件选型。第四章,针对试油试采装置无人值守自动运行的特点,设计了配套的控制及监测系统。此监控系统以PLC为下位机,以PC和触摸屏为上位机,具备手动控制和自动运行两种工作模式,自动运行过程可利用布置于系统上的各个传感器监控系统状态,并调整工作参数,达到最优控制,并绘制示功图。第五章,对驱动装置建立了动力学模型,应用Simulink对建立的模型进行仿真,将应用动力学公式建立的模型与AMESim建立模型的仿真结果进行比较分析,证实了动力学模型的正确性；第六章,总结全文的研究内容,并对并进一步的研究方向和内容提出展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the process of oil exploration, oil production test is a important procedure to prove oil well production ability and its value. Sucker rod pump is more adaptive. The sucker rod pump needs a ground equipment to supply the lift power. The traditional beam pumping unit is usually bulky and fixed based, and the stroke and frequency is unadjustable, which means it cannot competent to oil production test. Therefore, a new kind of pumping equipment which is portable and stroke-adjustable is needed to meet the requirement of production test of new wells or the secondary development of the old wells. This paper proposes a scheme of traveling lift equipment which integrated with modern mechanical, hydraulic and electric technologies, and can meet the requirements of portable, high-efficiency, security and automatic control.The main research contents are as follows.In chapter 1, reviewed on the develop process of oil production test equipment, introduced different kinds of pumping unit and their develop process and research status at home and abroad, state the topic research purpose and main research contents.In chapter 2, based on the technical requirements, and considering the particularity of this device, we designed 4 kinds of drive schemes, then chose the most suitable scheme base on the simulation results and other considerations. Process some basic design and calculation of the chosen scheme.In chapter 3, designed the main drive system. Considering the two different kinds of work model, we designed a new kind of SRD-drive-winch based on hydraulic balance. We also designed the suitable shifting gear device. In addition, we designed the matching hydraulic drive system, chose the suitable hydraulic elements based on our calculation.In chapter 4, designed the monitoring and control system. The system is combine with PLC and PC, have manual and automatic two work model. During the automatic model, in order to optimal the work status, the system could adjust the work parameters based on the data of the sensors, and drawing the indicator diagram.In chapter 5, established the dynamic model of the driving device, simulated the model with Simulink, then compared the dynamic model with AMESim model provided the Tightness of the dynamic model.In chapter 6, some conclusion are given and some new views are put forward in the future.更多还原