【作者】 何璐；

【导师】 詹冬华；

【作者基本信息】 江西师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 “乐教”是中国礼乐教化的传统,自上古时期伊始,乐的作用根据社会环境的变化而不同,乐的教化功能内涵也随之变化发展。追求“以和为美”的艺术境界。诗教的内涵作用在先秦时期是在不断变化发展的,“教”经历了礼乐为教、“言语”为教、政治为教、情感为教的演变过程。了解先秦乐教诗教对当下的文化教育具有重要意义。第一章对先秦时期的乐与乐教分时期阶段进行阐释。氏族社会时期的乐是“神人已和”的音乐,并有具有熟练乐舞经验的专职人员进行严格和规范的传教活动。上古三代时期的乐是“功成制礼”之乐,歌颂功德,维护统治阶级秩序。此时有了专门的学校出现,系统的进行乐教。春秋时期的乐是“省风宣气”之乐,音乐的“省风”、“宣气”等在生产斗争和社会生活中具有重要作用,战国时期的礼乐崩坏,乐教随着乐的下移也一同进入民间,随着社会局势变化在教育方面出现了官学和私学。第二章对乐为什么能教育进行了论述,从审美接受心理、社会、政治、教化和审美境界这几个功能方面进行了解释。音乐有“感于物而动”“乐者乐也”的审美接受心理,“兴观群怨”“移风易俗”的社会功能,“乐与政通”的政治功能,“融德于乐”的教化功能和“天地人和”的理想审美境界。第三章对乐教地位式微的原因进行探讨。首先从音乐本身性质的问题分析,当音乐变成“大乐”即为正统服务后,乐“移情”作用就不在了。其次,从乐到诗的演变入手,乐到诗的演变就是“雅到俗”的演变,诗成为大众“群兴”的工具。再次,从先秦当时的动荡社会环境分析入手,争霸的诸侯急切希望冲破阶级礼乐制度对他们的桎梏。最后,结合文化身份认同观点对当时人们乐诗选择原因进行阐释,正是由于人们所处的身份地位影响了自身与某种文化关系的确认。第四章对先秦诗与诗教的发生形成按时期阶段进行了阐释。氏族社会时期的诗是“神明昭告”之诗,有娴熟技能的唱诵人传授。上古三代时期诗是“转向人事”之诗,西周诗教有了“官学”诗教,教育由统治阶级垄断。春秋时期的诗为“独立言志”之诗,由于春秋战国时期的政治、文化和教育背景,出现了官学、私学诗教并存的情况。第五章从乐教诗教关系转变角度进行了论述,从诗乐本质内涵联系和先秦不同时期的诗教乐教关系来分角度论述。诗和乐在起源、节奏和情感发生机制等内质方面都有着联系;从时间上看,原始时期是“降神之乐”与“诗言志”,西周时期是“治礼作乐”与“采诗献诗”,春秋时期是“礼崩乐坏”与“赋诗言志”,春秋末期孔门儒家的“乐教”“诗教”。余论从乐教诗教转变对后世文化、审美的影响方面,从功成作乐、作诗言志、以“和”为美与“温柔敦厚”之美四个角度进行了略析。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Music education" is an important part of traditional Chinese music education,and also embodies the "genes" of Chinese aesthetics, aesthetic education thoughts. It originated in the primitive religious witchcraft, for the development of politics, ethics and aesthetic function of enlightenment tradition. The ancient music education which emphasizes the enlightenment is music. Poetry education has experienced thousands of years of traditional after handing down and evolution, its connotation and extension have apparent change. "Teach" experienced reed to teach, "words" to teach, political for teaching, emotion for the evolution of the process. Understand the culture of the qin music teach poetry to the present education is of great significance.The first chapter of the pre-qin period during the stages of music and musical education. Clan society period of music is the music had "and the man of god", and have skilled experience in deriving the full-time personnel to carry on the strict and standard missionary activities. Ancient three generations times of joy is the joy of work into making ritual, praising merit, safeguard the order of the ruling class. With the advent of slavery class, division of mental Labour and physical Labour brought about the naissance of the school education, education also becomes a specialized cultivate people’s social activities. With the school education teaching also have real teaching and inheritance. During the spring and autumn period of music is "province wind xuan gas", "provincial wind" of music, such as "xuan gas" in the production of struggle and plays an important role in social life, the spring and autumn period and the warring states period of music education still is the important content of education,but the content is is not so complete, rigorous and western zhou dynasty music education system. Along with the social situation change in the authority and private education.The second chapter discusses why can to music education, from the aesthetic psychology, society, politics, education, and the aesthetic realm that explains several functions. Music has "" feeling in your heart " joy, joy is " aesthetic psychology, the concept of " xing group of hatred " of the social function of " transforming social traditions ", the political functions of "music and logical administration", "rongde in enjoy" education function and "and" earth’s ideal aesthetic realm.The third chapter explores the cause of music education status declined. First of all, from the music itself the nature of the problem analysis, when music becomes "brings" is the legitimate service, music "empathy" would not be in the role. Second,from the evolution of music to the poem, music to the evolution of the poem is the evolution of "elegant to the common", poetry "xing" as a tool. Again, from the analysis on the pre-qin turbulent social environment at that time, the supremacy of the governors eager to break the class music system for their shackles. Finally, combining with the cultural identity of people at that time poetry illustrates the reason choice, it is because of people’s status affect their relationship with a culture of confirmation.The fourth chapter in the pre-qin poetry and poetry education form the interpretation according to period stage. Clan society period of poetry is "the gods show" poetry, chant people skills to teach. Ancient poems from the three dynasties period is the poem of "personnel", the western zhou dynasty poem teach with "official" poem, education monopoly by the ruling class. Will and the spring andautumn period of poetry as "independent" of the poem, because of the spring and autumn period and the warring states period of politics, culture and education background, the authority, composed a poem teach coexist.Fifth chapter from music education and poetry education’s relations change perspective, this paper discusses, from the essential connotation of poem links and different period of the pre-qin poetry to teach music relations Angle in this paper. And in origin, rhythm and emotion essence of mechanism and other aspects have; Period from the time, the original is "down the joy of god" and "poetry express will" and western zhou dynasty’s ritual music "governing" and "collecting them sing", the spring and autumn period is "ceremony music bad" and "composing poetry express will" and the end of the spring and autumn period and the hole door of Confucian "music education" "the poem education".Conclusion from music education and poetry education on the influence of the cultural and aesthetic aspects, from, will and poetry, and music for "and" beauty and "the beauty of tender and gentle" four angles has carried on the analysis.更多还原