【作者】 李晶；

【导师】 李庆有；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 职业网球赛事具有数量多、级别多样、地域分布广等特点,如何在众多比赛中选择适合自己的赛事是获得胜利的关键,这就对球员有针对性地安排赛程提出了更高的要求。本文选取截至2014年10月27日,WTA单打排名前十位选手中连续四年跻身TOP10的六名球员,以及哈勒普和布沙尔作为研究对象,运用多种研究方法,对八位球员2011-2014赛季所有的选赛、参赛情况进行分析研究,同时对每位球员从转入职业到进入前十的各个排名阶段的选赛级别、选赛站数、和地域选择等数据给予分析,试图找出其选赛规律,为我国青年女子网球选手合理安排赛程提供参考。研究结论如下：1.由于WTA赛事数量多、级别多样以及竞赛规则等原因,导致赛事性质不尽相同,球员依据自身实际情况选择性地参加一些比赛。2.高水平女子球员年度参赛数量与年终排名没有线性关系,平均年度参赛数量和参赛场次分别为19站和63次,参赛站数和场次分别控制在15-23站和55-70次较为合适,过多和过少的参赛数量和比赛场次都会影响竞技水平的发挥。3.高水平女子球员赛事级别的选择是以“四大满贯”为核心,皇冠赛为主要组成部分。大赛前后常利用低级别比赛来调整状态,在这些赛事的选择上尽量避开与自己相同水平的顶级球员。4.高水平女子球员以硬地赛为主,其次是红土赛,草地赛最少,少数球员会参加其他场地类型的比赛。大满贯开赛前,球员会选择类型相同的场地进行热身赛,每位球员都有相应擅长的场地类型。5.欧洲赛区在地域分布方面占据绝对的主导地位,北美洲凭借较多的赛事举办数量受到球员的青睐。亚洲是第三大参赛地域,其次是大洋洲,南美洲和非洲赛区的数量最少。组委会对比赛场地的安排直接影响了顶级球员年度参赛场地类型的分配和参赛地域的分布。6.围绕大满贯赛事,高水平女子球员全年有相对固定的参赛时间间隔安排：大满贯开赛之前一般安排至少一周的时间调整状态,大满贯结束之后一般会留有三周以上的时间进行恢复性的调整,很少出现连续性参赛的情况。7.排名300位之后主要参加ITF低级赛事,大部分球员选择“本土”作战或就近原则；排名300-128位,参加高级别ITF和低级别WTA赛事,选赛区域集中在自己国家附近；排名128-64位,参赛重心转移到以大满贯为首的WTA巡回赛,选赛区域多集中在大满贯举办地域；排名64-10位,任何级别的WTA赛事都可以参加,参赛地域分布更加均匀。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are so many professional tennis tournaments in various level all around the world. They are widely distributed and usually have regular schedule of season. How to choose the appropriate tournaments and arrange a perfect schedule for the year would be important for a competitor. In this article we will take the 8 players as our study objects. Six of them has constantly entered the Top 10 of WTA ranking, and the other two are Halep and Bouchard. We are going to analyze their choice of tournament and their performance in the game. Meanwhile, we will also study on the statistic data of their tournament level choosing, amount of games they attended and region of the games, trying to figure out rule that could help our teenager female player to arrange their schedule. The conclusions are as follows:1. Due to the massive amount, various of level, different rules and some other factors, the player need to filter out the most appropriate ones from them based on their capabilities. They need to concentrate more on some of them and let go for the others.2. The year-end ranking of a high level professional player does not have linear relation with the amount of tournament they attend. The average of tournaments and games would be 19 and 63. They commonly attended 15-23 tournaments, while played 55-70 for the games in a year. Too many or too few of tournaments attended and game played would negatively affect the result.3. The Grand Slam and Premier Mandatory are most important annual event for high level player. They usually leverage the lower level tournaments to warm up, and try not to compete the same level player, avoiding waste of strength.4. The court is also a important factor that means a lot to a player. The high level female player would prefer hard ground court most, and then the clay ground. The grass ground would be their last choice. Rare players would player on some other types of court like carpets and smectite. Before the Grand Slam, players usually choose the same ground court to warm up. Each player has her favorite type of court.5. The European region is predominant among all regions. The North America draws players attention with high amount of tournaments they host. Asia, however, would be the third choice for players, followed by Australia, South America and Africa are last. The Committee’s arrangement directly affect the distribution of court type and region for players.6. There are some tips for the schedule around the Grand Slam. High level player usually spends at least one week to adjust their status before that and three weeks to recover after that. They rarely attend two tournaments in a row.7. Attend different tournaments in different phase. Players ranking after 300 mainly attend lower level tournaments like ITF. And they usually pick local games or somewhere nearby, players ranking 300-128 would attend more and more high-level ITF and low-level WTA, but still prefer the tournament hosted around their nation, players ranking 128-64 would concentrate on WTA tour targeting Grand Slam, their choice of region would be more wide, players ranking 64-10 would participate any WTA, taking lower level as adjustment and focusing on high level, their choice of region would be unlimited.更多还原