【作者】 张青；

【导师】 胡凯；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 2014年是新版竞赛规则实施的第二年,第十三届世界健美操锦标赛也是国际体联在新周期内举行的最高级别赛事。在第十三届世锦赛上,我国选手以0.35分之差未能获得奖牌,位居第四,这是我国女单项目连续四届世锦赛未能进入世界前三。所以详细研究世锦赛上女单决赛选手的成套动作,分析女单项目的发展趋势,找出我国女单项目的优势与不足,将对此项目的发展起到重要的借鉴作用。通过文献资料法,录像观察法、对比分析法和数理统计法,对第十三届女单项目的比赛录像进行细致分析,分别从比赛成绩、艺术性、完成情况和难度动作四个方面进行对比研究,注重分析我国选手的优势与不足,为今后的训练和比赛提供建议。研究表明：世界高水平比赛,女单项目竞争激烈,成套动作难度大、艺术性强、完成质量高,八名决赛选手的成套动作各具特色。在难度方面,罗马尼亚和奥地利选手表现突出,难度分达到3.8以上,对于女性运动员而言,难度很大；奥地利和法国选手的艺术分达到9.3以上,体现了成套动作的完美编排,运动员对音乐和主题的诠释非常到位,像是一套精美的艺术品；完成质量方面,所有选手难度错误较少,除西班牙选手出现一次难度失误外,其他选手均以动作编排的小错误居多,成套完成质量高。与世界高水平运动员相比,我国选手存在诸多优势与不足。主要优势表现在：(1)运动员协调能力强,操化动作具有高度复杂性,在动作的幅度和力度上表现良好。(2)腾空动作和地面动作的编排合理,空间使用状况良好。(3)运动员表现力强,肢体动作、面部表情与音乐高潮完美结合,能够很好的感染裁判和观众。(4)成套动作完成质量高,没有出现非常明显的错误动作。(5)难度动作位序安排合理,十个难度动作的价值呈现出波浪型。主要不足表现在：(1)完整操化单元的编排较少。(2)过渡连接动作的编排缺乏复杂性和新颖性。(3)技巧动作使用少,且难度较低。(4)场地使用存在较大范围空白,移动路线缺少弧形。(5)难度动作价值较低,与前两名选手相比存在很大差距。(6)运动员操化强度不高,难度得分中等,所以成套动作的强度相对较低,需要进一步提高运动员的综合体能。更多还原

【Abstract】 2014 is the second year to carry out the new competition rules, and the thirteenth World Aerobics Championship is also the highest level of competition that held by FIG in the new cycle. In the 13th world championships, our players failed to win a medal for 0.35 points difference, getting a fourth, and it is the continuous four times that World Championships women’s singles project failed to enter the world top three. Therefore, a detailed study on the sets of action of women’s singles finalists in World Championships, analyzing trends of singles project, and identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the women’s singles project will play an important reference role in the development of this project.Through literature, video observation, comparative analysis and mathematical statistics, we analyze the video of the 13th Women’s single project respectively from the four aspects to do comparative study:competition results, artistry, completion and operation of difficulty. Meantime, the study is focus on analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of our players, which provides recommendations for future training and competition.Studies have shown that:The women’s singles competition in the high level of competition in the world is fierce for the difficulty of turnkey operation, artistry and high quality completion. Eight finalists perform the sets of action with its own characteristics.In terms of difficulty, Romania and Austria’s outstand in the performance, the score of difficulty are 3.8 points or more. For women athletes, it is very difficult; In the terms of artistry, Austria and France’s artistic reach 9.3 points or more, which embodies the perfect choreography in the sets of actions. Athletes annotates the music and the theme incisively and vividly, such as a fine art; In the terms of the quality of completion, all players perform with fewer errors in difficulty, in addition to Spain’s make a difficulty mistake. The other players perform with small errors in action choreography mainly, and complete sets of action with high quality.Compared with high level athletes in the world, our players have many advantages and disadvantages.The main advantage reflect in:(1) Athlete have strong coordination ability, and perform well on the magnitude and intensity of the action. The movement pattern has a high degree of complexity. (2)Takeoff and ground movement make good use of space. (3) Athletes have strong expressive force, and they make prefect combination with body movements, facial expressions and musical climax, which can infect the judge and the audience well. (4) Athlete complete the sets of action with high quality without appearing very obvious malfunction. (5) The sequence of the action of difficulty arrange reasonable, and the value of ten actions of difficulty show a wavy motion.The main deficiency reflect in:(1) It lacks of the arrangement of the complete operating unit.(2) It lacks of complexity and novelty of arrangement of transition and linking action. (3) It lacks of the use of skilled movement and difficulty. (4)There is a big range of gaps in the use of the site. It lacks of arc-shaped in the moving route.(5) The value of the actions of difficulty is relatively small, and there is a big gap when compared with the top two players. (6) The athletes’ parade intensity is not high, and the score of difficulty is moderate. So the strength of the sets of actions is relatively small, in that case, we need to further improve the overall fitness of athletes.更多还原