【作者】 王维；

【导师】 张玉璘；

【作者基本信息】 济南大学 ， 计算机技术， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)是一项利用无线电信号,在没有任何物理接触的情况下识别并获取电子标签的数据的技术。当今,无论在生产、物流,还是在门禁、安保,RFID已经深入到人们生活和社会的各个领域。就目前来讲,低频(LH)和高频(HF)RFID研发技术已经相当成熟,市场应用也已趋近饱和;而超高频(UHF)和微波RFID技术的发展正如火如荼,市场对这两段频率的RFID技术的需求也在日益扩大。经过对市场的走访和分析,加之对超高频频段RFID的深入研究,本文最终确定设计一款超高频手持式RFID读写器。首先,本文介绍了RFID技术的发展历程和国内外发展现状,并结合我国物联网战略的提出,分析了RFID产业的发展前景;然后介绍了课题研究的背景、意义和目标。其次,本文介绍了UHF RFID系统的工作原理,同时分析了其硬件结构组成,并结合读写器的性能需求,确定了本文设计的手持式读写器应具备的工作参数和为满足读写器设计要求所需的软硬件平台,并进一步规划了读写器的设计开发流程。遵循着开发流程,论文首先分析了主控芯片与射频芯片的硬件连接原理图,并依次完成了UART、SPI、NANDFLASH、GPIO、AS3992的裸机驱动程序的编写;接着,论文分析了UHF RFID技术所依赖的协议ISO18000-6C协议,列举了协议中常用的射频收发命令,并成功进行软件实现。为了进一步提高读写器性能,在AM1808芯片上进行嵌入式Linux操作系统的移植。论文详细介绍了Linux系统架构及内核空间、用户空间组成,结合Linux系统架构深入分析了Linux系统移植的步骤和关键技术,最后成功移植Linux系统到主控芯片。Linux系统移植成功后,在该操作系统基础上进行设备驱动程序开发。论文首先详细叙述了Linux设备驱动程序开发所依赖的核心技术—Linux虚拟文件系统,根据Linux虚拟文件系统的架构和要求,进行了读写器相关硬件的设备驱动程序开发,并成功测试了部分硬件驱动程序。最后,论文总结了课题开发过程中完成的工作和尚未解决的问题,说明了设计中自己技术的不足,并对下一步的工作作出了安排。更多还原

【Abstract】 RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) is a technology using radio signals to identify and obtain electronic tags’ data with no any physical contact. Today, both in the production, logistics, and in access control, security, RFID has deep into people’s life and social fields. For now, the research and development of low frequency(LF) and high frequency(HF) RFID technology have been matured, their application market has also been becoming saturation. However, the development of ultra-high frequency(UHF) and microwave RFID technology is in full swing, and the market’s demand for these two frequency RFID technologies is also growing. After visiting and analyzing of the market, with the in-depth study of UHF RFID, this article determined to design a UHF RFID reader.Firstly, this article introduces the development process of RFID technology and the current development situation at home and abroad, then analyzes the prospect of the RFID industry combined with China’s strategy of the Internet of things. After this,this article introduces the research’s background, significance and objectives.Secondly, this paper introduces the operational principle of UHF RFID system and analyzes its hardware structure. Meanwhile,determining the working parameters of the RFID reader and the hardware/software platform which can meet the design requirements, and further planning the development process of the reader.According to the development process of the reader, this paper firstly analyzes the hardware schematic diagrams which connect the main control chip and radio frequency chip and completes the programming of UART, SPI, NANDFLASH, GPIO, AS3992 bare-metal driver. Then, this article analyses the ISO18000-6C protocol, which UHF RFID technology relies upon, and lists the common radio frequency transceiver commands specified in the agreement, and success in software realization.In order to further improve the reader’s performance, transplanted embedded Linux operating system into AM1808. The article introduces the Linux system architecture, kernel space and user space in detail and analysis steps and the key techniques of transplantation of Linux system deeply combining with the Linux system architecture. Lastly, transplanted Linux system into the main control chip successfully.After the transplantation of Linux system, developed the device driver on the basis of this operating system. Firstly, this article narrations the Linux virtual file system,which as the core technology of Linux device driver development. According to the architecture and requirements of the Linux virtual file system, developed the related hardware device driver and tested part of hardware drivers successfully.Finally, the article summarizes problems which appeared in the development process, illustrates the shortage of my own technology and makes arrangement for the next step work.更多还原