【作者】 朱颖；

【导师】 王全弟；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 法律（专业学位）， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着社会经济的发展,信用卡已成为人们在日常生活中普遍使用的金融支付工具。现代信用卡在为持卡人提供灵活的消费融资和便利的电子支付的同时,也在潜移默化中改变着人们的支付习惯和生活方式,更促成了我国电子商务产业的全盛发展。可以说,现代信用卡通过一系列巧妙的制度设计,在分别满足发卡银行、持卡人、特约商户等各交易参与方的不同需求的同时,还有效提高了交易效率,降低了交易成本,真正形成了利益共赢的格局。而信用卡持卡人抗辩切断规则就是这一系列制度设计的重要组成部分。然而,随着消费者权益保护浪潮在全球兴起,绝对的抗辩切断规则因未考虑持卡人的弱势地位片面坚持契约相对性和风险隔离,受到了越来越多的质疑和挑战。为此,一些主要发达国家和地区率先在立法和实务上进行了积极探索,逐步允许信用卡持卡人在一定条件下可将其对特约商户的抗辩事由延伸对抗发卡银行,通过赋予持卡人拒绝还款的抗辩权使其获得更大程度的保护,理论界也尝试从不同角度为信用卡持卡人抗辩延伸制度寻求合理性根据。笔者认为,现代信用卡的金融功能依赖于交易当事人之间的一揽子制度设计和契约安排,从法律关系上可以解构为原因关系、补偿关系和给付关系。抗辩切断规则使原因关系和补偿关系在存在给付关系的前提下仍然保持相互独立,是现代信用卡运行机制赖以存在的基本制度设计,具有合理性,但也面临着消费者保护浪潮的挑战。目前关于信用卡法律关系独立性和牵连性的各种学说均基于传统民法理论,作为抗辩延伸制度的基础和依据存在一定缺陷,应借鉴各国的理论成果和实践经验,对建立我国信用卡持卡人抗辩延伸制度进行立法研究。对此,笔者的观点是,我国目前仍应坚持信用卡抗辩切断规则这一信用卡基本制度设计,同时兼顾保护消费者权益的需要,以适当的抗辩延伸对绝对的抗辩切断规则进行有限矫正,以合理分配信用卡交易各方当事人的利益与风险。笔者希望通过本文的研究,对完善我国信用卡交易法律制度,在促进信用卡产业发展的同时有效保护消费者权益,起到一定的借鉴作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the society and economy evolves, the credit card has become a common payment tool for people to use in daily life. Beyond offering flexible consumer financing and convenient electronic payment alternatives, contemporary credit card has been significantly changing people’s payment preference and living styles, contributing to a burgeoning e-commerce economy in China. Through a series of systems exquisitely designed, of which the rule of cut-off of defense by cardholders is the key part, contemporary credit card effectively increases efficiency and reduces cost while meeting the needs of every participant in a transaction including the acquiring bank, cardholder and merchant, leading to a mutually profitable situation.As the consumer rights protection movement sweeps throughout the world, the absolute cut-off rule is being increasingly challenged because it gives little thought to the unprivileged status of card holders and over-emphasizes privity of contract and isolation of risk. Some advanced countries are ahead in developing statutes and practices so as to allow cardholders to extend to acquiring banks their defense to merchants under certain circumstances. By providing cardholders with such defense mechanism as exemption of their repayment obligations to acquiring banks, many theorists are seeking justifiable reasons for the extension of defense in favor of cardholders.This paper holds that the financial function of contemporary credit card depends largely on the package of systems and contracts arranged and entered into by participants in credit card transactions, the legal relationships between whom can be summarized into three categories:cause relationship, compensatory relationship and payment relationship. The rule of cut-off of defense makes the cause relationship and compensatory relationship independent of each other in the presence of payment relationship and is one of the basic and rational operation systems for contemporary credit card though it faces many challenges arising from recent consumer rights protection trend. The existing theories in respect of the independence and dependence of legal relationships relating to credit card transactions are all but based on traditional civil law theories and provide inadequate grounds for the rule of extension of defense. As such, legislative research in this regard is necessary and theories and experiences from abroad should also be borrowed. The paper suggests acknowledging cut-off of defense as a basic rule for credit card transactions with consumer protection taken into full account, and replacing the absolute cut-off rule with appropriate extension of defense so as to reasonably distribute interest and risk of participants in transactions.Hopefully this paper could help to improve the legal system of credit card transactions in China and facilitate the growth of credit card industry while giving effective protection for consumer rights.更多还原