【作者】 张青；

【导师】 路金喜；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着我国社会经济的高速发展,我国已经修建或正在修建了许多水电工程,这些水电工程虽然能够合理调配水资源,解决电力供需矛盾,但是与此同时也造成了当地的水土流失、土壤环境破坏、生物多样性丧失、对水质和当地的水环境以及生态气候造成不利影响。随着人们环保意识的增强,兴建水电工程对环境造成的负面影响已经越来越受到人们的关注。针对以上现状,本文界定了环境影响评价的概念和内涵,主要研究内容包括:(1)总结国内外环境影响评价现状的基础上,分析概括了环境影响评价这一概念,论述了水电工程环境影响评价的概念和流程,从自然环境、社会环境、生态环境入手,建立了完善的水电工程环境影响指标体系,提出了水电工程环境评价的3个一级指标、10个二级指标、41个三级指标所构成的指标体系。(2)指标体系中的指标并不能直接用于评价,因为其具有不同的量纲,特征也不尽相同,因此对不同的指标进行标准化的处理。把指标分为定性指标、半定性指标、定量指标。定性指标和半定性指标分别采用乐观系数法和梯形模糊数法进行量化处理,定量指标进行无量纲归一化处理。(3)依据水电工程环境评价的特点,比较分析了当前常用分析方法的优缺点,应用网络分析法确定各指标的权重,模糊综合评价法对其进行评价,建立合理的ANP-FCE模型对水电工程进行综合评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the rapid development of China economy, China has built or is building a number of hydropower projects, hydropower projects, although these can be a reasonable allocation of water resources, to solve the power supply and demand, but at the same time also caused local erosion, soil environmental damage, loss of biodiversity, adverse effects on water quality and the local water environment and ecological climate. As people’s awareness of environmental protection, the negative impact of the construction of hydropower project on the environment has received increasing attention.For the above situation, the paper defines the concept and content of the environmental impact assessment, the main contents include:(1) Summary Evaluation of environmental impact at home and abroad on the basis of analysis of the environmental impact assessment outlines the concept, discusses the hydropower project environmental impact assessment of concepts and processes, starting from the natural environment, social environment, ecological environment, the establishment of a sound The index system of environmental impact of hydropower projects, proposed three-level indicators hydropower project environmental assessment, 10 secondary indicators, three indicators indicator system 41 constituted.(2) the index system indicators and can not be directly used to evaluate, because it has a different dimension, characteristics are not the same, so the different indicators standardized process. The index is divided into qualitative indicators, semi-qualitative indicators and quantitative indicators. Qualitative indicators and qualitative indicators were half an optimistic coefficient and fuzzy number method to quantify the process, quantitative indicators dimensionless normalized.(3) According to the characteristics of hydropower project environmental assessment, comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages, application of network analysis methods currently used to determine the weight of each index, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate them, to establish a rational model for hydropower ANP-FCE a comprehensive evaluation of the project.更多还原