【作者】 李俊杰；

【导师】 汪恩强；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 兽医（专业学位）， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济的发展及人民感情生活的丰富,饲养犬的数量不断增加。犬瘟热是犬常见的传染病之一,其发病率和死亡率高,给宠物养殖户造成极大的经济损失和精神痛苦。保定市养犬数量较多,品种较为齐全,但由于饲养管理水平较低,造成犬瘟热时有发生,且临床表现复杂、防治难度较大。为查明保定市犬瘟热的发病规律,建立简便、快捷、准确率高的诊断方法,探索有效的防治方案。本试验选取保定市有代表性的几家宠物医院接诊的犬瘟热病犬为研究对象,通过查阅病历、临床调查、犬瘟热免疫胶体金试剂盒检查、包涵体检查等,查明保定市犬犬瘟热的发病率和流行特点;通过临床症状观察和病理学检查,查明保定市犬瘟热的发病类型,并对犬瘟热病犬进行血液生理生化指标测定。选择不同病型的犬瘟热病犬分别按5种治疗方案分组进行治疗试验,观察治疗效果。试验结果表明:保定市犬犬瘟热的发病率为11.7%,以10月份发病率最高,占发病总数的14.6%;6月、7月份发病率最低,分别占发病总数的3.7%、3.3%。中小型犬、纯种犬、3~12月龄的犬、市区饲养的犬、未进行免疫的犬发病率最高,分别占犬瘟热发病总数的63.2%、64.2%、72.4%、63.7%、60.3%。5岁以上的犬、完成三次免疫的犬发病率最低,分别占犬瘟热发病总数的1.7%、5.9%。保定市犬瘟热发病类型有呼吸型、消化型、神经型、皮肤型和混合型5种,其中以呼吸型和混合型犬瘟热发病率较高,分别占犬瘟热发病总数的38.0%和36.7%;而皮肤型和神经型犬瘟热发病率较低,分别占犬瘟热发病总数的5.9%和7.1%。神经型和混合型犬瘟热死亡率较高,分别占犬瘟热发病总数的90.6%和93.3%;而皮肤型犬瘟热死亡率最低,占犬瘟热发病总数的69.9%。犬瘟热病犬体温呈双相热型,主要病理变化在呼吸道、消化道和脑部。对于疑似呼吸型和消化型的犬瘟热病犬,用眼鼻分泌物作为检验物的病毒检出率最高,分别为84%、78%;用血液作为检验物的病毒检出率最低,分别为56%、52%。对于疑似神经型和混合型的犬瘟热病犬,用眼鼻分泌物作为检验物的病毒检出率最高,分别为80%、86%;用粪便作为检验物的病毒检出率最低,分别为56%、54%。对确诊犬瘟热病死犬进行包涵体检查表明病犬膀胱黏膜上皮细胞犬瘟热包涵体的检出率最高,为80%,胆囊黏膜上皮细胞犬瘟热包涵体的检出率最低,为60%。犬瘟热病犬血液中白细胞总数(WBC)、红细胞压积(HTC)显升高,分别为20.50±5.62×109/L、2.14±0.43 L/L;淋巴细胞数(LYM#)、淋巴细胞百分百(LY%)、中性粒细胞数(NEUT#)上升,分别为5.50±1.88×109/L、37.41±3.86%、12.53±2.14×109/L。各病型犬瘟热病犬血清天冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)、肌酐(CREA)、尿素(UREA)、球蛋白(GOS)均有不同程度的上升,白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)、白球比(ALB/GOS)均有不同程度的下降。治疗结果显示,方案Ⅴ的治愈率最高,为22.0%;消化型犬瘟热病犬的治愈率最高,为22.4%;神经型犬瘟热病犬的治愈率最低,仅为6.8%。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economy and the enrich of people’s emotional life, the number of breeding dogs is increasing. Canine distemper is one of the common infectious diseases in dog disease, its high incidence and high mortality rate brings great economic losses and spiritual pain to farmers and pet owners. Baoding, as an ancient city, has a long history and large number of breeding dogs, also a complete species, while because of the low level of the management, which causes canine distemper, its clinical manifestation is complex and its hard to control.This research selected the dog dog fever accepted by a few respective pets hospital in Baoding as the research object, systematically do the clinical investigation、diagnosis and treatment test, so as to find out the prevalence and occurrence regularity of canine distemper, and establish a simple、fast and accurate diagnostic methods, explore the effective prevention and control plan, provide the basis for prevention and control of canine distemper in Baoding.This experiment research show that the incidence of canine distemper in Baoding is 11.2%,the incidence of purebred dogs is higher than the bull terrier,the small and medium-sized dog is higher than the large dogs, the incidence of males is higher than the female, in October of each year the incidence of canine distemper grows to the highest, the 3to12 months age dogs have the highest incidence of canine distemper. During the different types of the canine distemper, the type of the breath canine distemper is the highest, the death rate of the hybrid dog is the highest.The test results show that: the incidence of canine distemper in Baoding City, the rate was 11.7%, the incidence rate in October was highest, accounted for 14.6%; in June July, the lowest incidence rate, respectively, accounted for 3.7%, 3.3%. The small dogs, dogs, from 3 to December, the urban old dogs, dogs are not immune to the dogs had the highest incidence, accounted for 63.2% of the total incidence of canine distemper virus, 64.2%, 72.4%, 63.7%, 60.3%. Over the age of 5, completed the three dogs dogs immune pathogenesis was the lowest, which accounted for 1.7% of the total incidence, 5.9% canine distemper. Baoding city of canine distemper disease type respiratory, digestive, nervous type, skin type and mixed type 5 kinds, in which respiratory type and mixed type of canine distemper disease incidence rate is high, which accounted for 38% of the total incidence of canine distemper virus and 36.7%; while the skin and nervous canine distemper incidence is relatively low, which accounted for 5.9% of the total incidence of canine distemper and 7.1%. Nerve type and mixed type of canine distemper mortality rate is higher, respectively, 90.6% and 93.3% of the total incidence of canine distemper and canine distemper mortality was the lowest; skin type, accounting for 69.9% of the total incidence of canine distemper. Canine distemper temperature in dual phase heat type, the main pathological changes in the respiratory tract, digestive tract and brain. For suspected respiratory and digestive canine distemper, eye nasal secretions as test the virus detection rate is the highest, respectively 84%, 78% with blood as the test material; virus detection rate is the lowest, 56%, 52% respectively. For suspected nerve type and the mixed type of canine distemper, eye nasal secretions as test the virus detection rate is the highest, respectively, 80%, 86%; the use of manure as a test of the virus detection rate is the lowest, 56%, 54% respectively. Diagnosis of Canine Distemper Dogs die inclusion test showed that disease canine bladder epithelial cells of canine distemper virus inclusion body was the highest, 80%, gallbladder epithelial cells of canine distemper virus inclusion body detection rate is the lowest, 60%. Canine distemper blood white blood cell count(WBC), hematocrit(HTC) significantly increased, respectively, 20.50±5.62×109/L, 2.14±0.43 L/L; lymphocyte count(LYM#), 100%(LY%) of lymphocyte, neutrophil count(NEUT#) rose 1.88, respectively 5.50±1.88×109/L, 37.41±3.86%, 12.53±2.14×109/L The disease type of canine distemper serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), creatinine(CREA), urea(UREA), immunoglobulin(GOS) has the varying degree rise, albumin(ALB), total protein(TP), albumin / globulin ratio(ALB/GOS) decreased different levels of. The results showed that treatment of V, the cure rate is high, 22%; digestive canine distemper the highest cure rate, 22.4%; nervous canine distemper cure rate was the lowest, only 6.8%.更多还原