【作者】 张群；

【导师】 黎峰；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 计算机科学与技术， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 WirelessHART是第一个为工业自动过程设计的开放标准无线通信协议。WirelessHART标准使用TDMA和跳信道技术来控制网络的访问和网络设备之间的通信。与采用无线ad-hoc或对等网络的非集中式控制网络相比,WirelessHART采用集中式网络对可靠、实时的网络通信进行管理。在WirelessHART协议发布之前,已经有一些办公自动化方面的可用标准,比如ZigBee和蓝牙技术。但是,这些技术不能满足工业应用严格的需求。在星型网络或树型网络中传送通常是使用固定链路的,而WirelessHART的拓扑结构是网状网络,在WirelessHART中数据的传输或者重传可能是沿着不同的路径的。由于网状网络中节点间存在多路径路由,网络具有较强的容错能力和鲁棒性。路由协议的设计在无线传感器网络中是非常重要的研究领域。在WirelessHART网络中,每个传感器节点都是一个路由器,能够向其邻居节点传输信息。路由和超帧调度在WirelessHART网络中对于可靠性需求和有限的通信资源有着重要角色。在本文中,我们提出了可靠性的路由图构建方法和低能耗的链路选择算法来增强网络鲁棒性、延长网络寿命。在路由图构建过程中,我们为化简图中那些只有一个邻居节点传输数据的节点重新增加一条边。这能保证节点在链路选择时有足够多的选择。在链路选择中,我们考虑链路质量、能耗和跳数等因素来选择最优链路,使用层次化分析过程来决定权重系数。冗余链路和链路选择可以增加传输的成功率,减少可能的重传次数来节省能耗。并据此路由算法设计相应的超帧设计。实验结果表明我们提出的算法可以延长网络寿命,增强数据传输的可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 WirelessHART is the first open-standard wireless communication protocol designed for industrial automation and process. The WirelessHART standard uses TDMA and channel hopping techniques to control access of the network and to communicate between network devices. Compared with the decentralized control adopted by wireless ad-hoc or peer-to-peer networks, WirelessHART advocates explicit and centralized network management for reliable and real-time network communication. Before WirelessHART is released, there have been a few publicly available standards on office automation, such as ZigBee and Bluetooth. However, these technologies cannot meet the stringent requirements of industrial applications.Different from the star network or the tree network in which the transmissions always use the fixed links, the topology of WirelessHART is a mesh network in which data can be transmitted (or retransmitted) along different paths. Due to the existence of multi-path routing between Mesh nodes, the network has a strong fault-tolerance and robustness for a single point or a single link failure. Routing protocol design is an important research area in wireless sensor networks.In WirelessHART network, every sensor node is a router and can delivery message for its neighbor. Routing and superframe schedule play very important role in WirelessHART for its reliability requirement and limited communication resources.In this work, we propose an approach for reliable routing graph construction and energy efficient link selection to enhance the robustness and prolong the network lifetime. In routing graph construction, we re-add a link for the nodes which has only one neighbor to transmit in the simplified graph. It can guarantee sufficient choice for link selection on the premise of the least possible hops. When selecting links, we mainly consider link quality, energy efficient and the number of hops to choose optimal links. We use the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight coefficients. Redundant links and the link selection can increase the successful rate of the transmission and decline the number of retransmission for energy saving. And we design a superframe schedule according to this routing algorithm. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm outperforms in terms of extending the network lifetime and reliability of message transmission.更多还原