【作者】 王茜；

【导师】 殷晓芳；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 福克纳的小说《喧哗与骚动》自问世以来,小说第一部分的叙述者白痴班吉一直是讨论的焦点。国内外学者们关于班吉的讨论多数从叙事技巧入手分析小说文本,未能从生存美学的角度探讨班吉在主题层面上的意义。本文将以法国哲学家福柯的疯癫生存美学作为研究方法,结合适当的叙事策略分析,从疯癫的白痴班吉入手,力图论证福克纳在小说中提升疯癫的地位,揭示美国内战后旧南方与非理性的紧密联系。本论文由引言、主体、结论三部分组成。首先,引言包括文献综述、研究问题和研究方法。其中,确定了本文的研究方法是福柯的疯癫生存美学,并提出了本文的研究问题,即福克纳如何从疯癫生存美学的层面建立非理性与旧南方的紧密联系,揭示旧南方历史发展的真相。其次,主体共包括四章。第一章是本论文研究方法的理论框架,从本体,实践和历史三个方面建构福柯的疯癫生存美学。第二章,在本体的层面上,解答了福克纳利用疯癫预示旧南方没落的的问题。本章指出福克纳借助建立疯癫的班吉和基督耶稣的联系,强调疯癫者所具备的神秘的感知力能够预知旧南方难逃衰败的命运。第三章,在实践的层面上,回答了疯癫的他者追求并提供关怀的问题。本章指出福克纳通过疯癫班吉的视角展示他者利用疯癫追求自身关怀并为其他人提供关怀,即对旧南方话语权的维护。第四章,在历史层面上,解释了疯癫被用于揭示旧南方在美国内战后的历史发展真相的问题。本章指出班吉叙述中体现的“他性”再现了旧南方真实的非连续性的发展方式,福克纳借此表达对旧南方式微的哀悼。最后,本文在结论部分明确提出,福克纳在小说《喧哗与骚动》中塑造了白痴班吉这一疯癫他者,借此强调疯癫和他者的非理性因素,从主体、实践和历史三个方面提升了非理性在旧南方社会的地位。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ever since The Sound and the Fury was published, the narrator of the first part, Benjy, has been the focus of the discussions. Most of the studies on Benjy focus on Faulkner’s writing strategy rather than systematically appreciate the meaning of Benjy to the theme from the perspective of the aesthetics of existence. The methodology of this thesis is Foucauldian theory of the madness as an aesthetics of existence. This thesis attempts to investigate that Faulkner improves the status of rationality and presents the close connection between the Old South and the madness.The thesis framework is made up of the introduction, the body and the conclusion. Firstly, the introduction contains the literature review, research questions and methodology. The methodology is Foucauldian theory of the madness. The research question is how Faulkner establishes the relation of the madness and the Old South to unveil the truth in history. Secondly, the body contains four chapters. Chapter One constructs the methodology for this thesis. Foucauldian theory of the madness as an aesthetics of existence is constructed from the aspects of ontology, practice and history. Chapter Two, in the sense of ontology, analyzes the problem that the madness is utilized to be the special way to predict the fall of the Old South. Faulkner establishes the connection between Benjy with the madness and Jesus to emphasize that the madman with the ability of mystic perception can predict the doomed decay of the Old South. Chapter Three, in the sense of practice, investigates the problem that the Other with the madness pursues the care for himself and offers the care. The Other utilizes the madness to crave for the self-care and provides the other people with the care, which actually is the Other’s practice to protect the power of the discourse of the Old South. Chapter Four, in the sense of history, solves the problem that the madness is arranged to uncover the truth in the historical development of the Old South after the Civil War. The "otherness" in the narration of Benjy uncovers the unknown truth in the discontinuous historical development of the Old South. Thirdly, the conclusion points out that Faulkner in the novel creates Benjy to emphasize the madness and the Other. From the perspectives of ontology, practice and history, the status of irrationality in society of the Old South is improved.更多还原