【作者】 黄勇；

【导师】 叶贤东；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 机械工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着全国铁路跨越式发展战略的实施,铁路客车/货车技术装备水平得到了很大的提高,新型客车/货车不断被研制出来,并投入生产运营；同时,越来越多的新技术、新专利运用到铁路机车车辆上,促进了全国铁路连续六次大提速,与之伴随而来的是铁路运营的安全问题。目前铁路运营相比以前比较突出的特点是运输吨位大、运行速度高,因此发生事故的等级相比以前也有所提高。常见的铁路事故有颠覆、火灾、追尾、爆炸、相撞、脱线等。其中脱线(脱轨)类事故是各类事故中出现频率较高或是最高的一类事故,国内外学者针对这个问题做了大量的研究,研究方向主要集中在如何防止铁路列车机车发生脱轨事故和如何安全高效地对脱轨列车完成复轨。复轨器作为完成脱轨列车复轨的主要设备,近年来人们已对其做了许多改进,使得其复轨效率和安全性都有很大提高,但其中仍然存在一些不合理因素,本文从横移过程和举升过程两方面入手,重点分析在复轨过程中存在的安全隐患,并提出一些在复轨过程中的注意事项和一些提高复轨效率和安全性的措施,本文最后对现在使用较多的复轨设备提出几条改进方案。论文的主要内容包括以下几个部分：(1)分析国内外研究现状,明确本文研究的方向和重点；(2)分析当前主要的复轨方式,从原理和结构层面分析这些复轨方法/复轨设备的不合理性；(3)本文从顶复法展开研究,这一部分重点分析了液压顶复设备中液压方面的知识和详细描述了举升过程和横移过程,提出了影响铁路复轨安全性的因素；(4)对顶复设备进行改进,改进措施主要集中在横移小车和举升千斤顶上：将横移小车的一对固定脚轮换成万向轮,在举升于斤顶上增加顶托装置。通过这些改进措施,从理论上说,改进后的装置能很大程度降低复轨过程的危险性,在一定程度上提高了复轨效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the implementation of leapfrog development strategy of the national railway, the technology and equipment level on the railway carriages/wagons has been greatly improved, the new carriages/wagons continue to be developed and put into production operations; at the same time, more and more new technologies, new patents applied to the rail vehicles, which promoted the consecutive speed up five times, with attendant security issues of railway operations. Compared to the previous railway operators, currently prominent feature is the transport large tonnage, high speed, and therefore the level of accidents also increased compared to the previous.Common rail accidents such as subversion, fire, rear-end collision, explosion, collision, off-line and so on, where the off-line (derailment) class is one of the highest class of accident types of accidents appear, domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot for this problem, the research mostly focused on how to prevent the occurrence of train locomotives derailed and how to safely and efficiently complete re-rail train derailment.Rerailer as the main equipment to complete re-rail train, and in recent years has made many improvements, making it’s work efficiency and safety improved greatly, but there are still some irrational factors, In this paper, we start with the sliding process and the lifting process, focusing on the analysis the security risks exist in re-rail process of rail, and make some considerations in the process of re-rail and some measures to raise the safety of re-rail, This paper finally puts forward several improvement measures for the re-rail devices which are used widely now.The main contents of this thesis include the following parts:(1) Analyse present situation of the domestic and foreign research, then clear the direction and focus of this study; (2) Analysis of the current main re-rail mode respectively, analysis the irrationality in these rerail method/rerailing equipment from principle and structure level (3) This article launches the research from the lifting method, This part focuses on the analysis of hydraulic knowledge in the hydraulic lifting equipment and detailed describe the process of lifting and shifting process, Then put forward the factors affecting railway rerailing efficiency and security; (4) Improve the rerailing equipments, the improvements focuse on the sliding trolley and lifting jacks: replace a pair of fixed caster wheels on the sliding trolley with a pair of universal wheels, Add the jacking device on the lifting jack. Through these improvements, the improved apparatus can greatly reduce the risk and improve the efficiency of rerailing in theory.更多还原