【作者】 李锋；

【导师】 惠新平； 张美杰；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 化学工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着石油资源的利用和日渐紧缺,石油资源的劣质化和重质化趋势加快。兰州石化公司地处内陆,远离大型油田,原油匮乏。随着周边炼化企业新建、改扩建装置的陆续开工,西部的优质原油更加紧缺,使得兰州石化公司入厂优质原油减少。近几年,随着新疆风城油田的风城稠油产量不断提高,克拉玛依石化公司加工能力不足以消化所有风城稠油,给兰州石化带来了机遇。兰州石化公司550万吨／年常减压装置在加工掺炼风城稠油的过程中,电脱盐系统运行出现脱后原油含盐量高、电脱盐罐电流高、电脱盐污水不达标等状况。本课题通过统计大量的生产数据,结合分析结果,取得了以下研究成果。(1)通过改变稠油掺炼比例,结合生成装置实际运行状况确定了装置在满负荷工况条件下最适合掺炼比例。(2)通过对电脱盐工艺参数的研究,优化了加工稠油时电脱盐罐最佳运行参数,提高了脱盐效率。(3)通过加注原油脱金属剂,得出脱金属剂对电脱盐罐电流的影响,对比分析了对原油中Ca、Fe、V、Cu等重金属脱除效果。(4)针对电脱盐污水含油量高、含渣量大的实况,先后采用在线反冲洗、除油器顶部外排渣拉运、改建电脱盐污水预处理装置等手段,有效解决了污水无法外排的问题。通过本课题,兰州石化550万吨／年常减压装置在满负荷状态下加工风城稠油,电脱盐系统能够达到生产工艺要求,污水环保达标排放,原油脱后含盐量降低,增加了兰州石化公司的效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the use of oil resources and the growing shortage, poor quality and heavy oil resources to accelerate the trend. Lanzhou Petrochemical Company is located inland, away from the major oil fields, oil scarcity. As companies around the refinery built or extended device have started, high-quality crude oil more scarce west, Lanzhou Petrochemical Company makes high-quality crude oil into the plant is reduced. In recent years, with the Windy City Windy City, Xinjiang Oilfield heavy oil production continues to increase, Karamay Petrochemical Company processing capacity to digest all the Windy City is not enough oil, to Lanzhou Petrochemical opportunities.Lanzhou Petrochemical Company 5.5 Mt/a crude oil distillation unit in the processing of heavy oil blending process of the Windy City, electric desalting system after running off the high salt content of crude oil, high current electric desalting tank, electric desalting water is not up to other conditions. This problem is solved by a large number of statistical production data, combined with analysis of the results, achieved the following findings.(1) by changing the proportion of heavy oil blending, combined generating device to determine the actual operating conditions of the unit at full load operating conditions most suitable for blending ratio.(2)Through the study of electric desalting process parameters to optimize the electric desalting process heavy oil tank optimal parameters.(3) by filling oil demetallization agents come off the metal agent affect the electrical current desalter, comparative analysis of heavy metals in crude Ca, Fe, V, Cu, etc. removal effect.(4) for the electric desalting effluent oil content is high, a large quantity of slag containing live, has used online backwash, the top foreign oil slagging pull operation, renovation electric desalting water pretreatment equipment and other means, cannot be an effective solution to the sewage outside row problems.Through this project, Lanzhou Petrochemical 5.5Mt/a crude oil distillation unit at full load processing Windy City oil, electric desalting system can achieve the production process requirements, wastewater discharge standards of environmental protection, reduce the amount of salt off after crude oil, an increase of Lanzhou petrochemical company benefits.更多还原