【作者】 杨梅；

【导师】 吉文丽；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 风景园林学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 公园植物群落是公园景观的重要组成要素,其景观质量的优劣决定了公园整体景观质量的好坏,因此进行景观评价研究十分必要。本文以西安市公园的典型植物群落为研究对象,基于西安市公园绿地的实地调查,对调研的58个植物群落运用层次分析法和美景度评判法进行景观评价。结果如下:1.本次共调研西安市11个公园的58个植物群落:(1)共有植物145种,隶属于51科101属。(2)乡土植物69种,比例为47.59%。(3)调研中共出现5种群落类型:以落叶阔叶林为主,其次是常绿落叶阔叶混交林,针阔混交林第三,而常绿针叶林和常绿阔叶最少。(4)群落主要以“乔—灌—草”复层结构模式为主。(5)调研群落的Simpson多样性指数平均为0.7337,整体水平较高。2.景观评价:(1)应用层次分析法建立了3个准则10个指标的评价模型,为西安市公园植物群落景观评价提供了方法。通过专家拟定各评价指标及其权重,综合评价得出了植物景观的质量等级:优、良、中、差四质量个等级的植物群落分别占总数的12.1%、74.1%、10.3%、3.5%,说明西安市公园植物群落景观整体质量良好。(2)应用美景度评判法,对群落照片评分算出美景度值,结果表明:美景度值越高,植物群落景观效果越好。(3)虽然这两种方法的评价依据和形式有所不同,但是从评价结果来看,其一致性较高。据此选取了3个典型植物群落,分析了其植物景观营造中的优点和不足,并给出了合理的优化建议。3.基于以上调查和景观评价,对研究数据进行了总结分析,从西安市公园植物群落景观建设的整体考虑,有针对性的提出了西安市公园植物群落景观优化建议,以期为城市公园植物景观的营造提供参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Plant communities are the important components in urban parks, and their quality are directly related to the whole landscape quality of urban parks, so it is quite necessary to evaluate their landscape aesthetic performance. In this study, 58 plant communities of urban parks in Xi’an were chosen as the research objects based on a comprehensive field survey.AHP(the Analytic Hierarchy Process) and SBE(Scenic Beauty Estimation procedure) were used for the evaluation of plant landscapes in Xi’an urban parks. The specific results are as follows:1. In total, 58 plant communities in 11 urban parks were inwestigated.(1) 145 kinds of plants belonging to 51 familia and 101 genuses were involved.(2) 69 species were native plant species, they accounted for 47.59% of total plant species.(3) 5 wegetation types were:deciduous broad-leaved forest, broad-leaved and coniferous mixed forest, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest, evergreen coniferous forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest,among them, deciduous broad-leaved forest was distinct.(4) Most of plant communities were“tree-shrub-herb” multilayer-community pattern.(5) The average Simpson index was 0.7337,which showed that the quality of plant comrnunity landseape in Xi’an urban parks was generally at a high level.2.(1) We established the 3 criteria and 10 evaluation of landscape evaluation system; it determined the weights of landseape evaluation factors, and then obtained the quality grade:EXCELLENT, GOOD, MEDIUM and POOR quality of four levels of plant community respectively accounted for 12.1%, 74.1%, 10.3%, and 3.5%. It showed that the quality of plant comrnunity landseape in Xi’an urban parks was generally at a high level.(2) The method of SBE evaluated the photos of plant eommunities by means of subjective feeling of different groups and then obtained the value of the scenery aesthetic quality by using mathematieal method. The higher value reflected the better quality.(3) High consistency could be seen in the results of those two evaluation methods though the foundation and form were different. In addition, the configurations of the selected 3 typical plant communities were analyzed, and the further optimization suggestions of improving the landscape quality of the plant communities in Xi’an urban parks were put forward.3. Based on the above investigation and evaluation, the research data were summarized and analyzed. Some optimizing plans from the overall consideration of plant community landscape construction in Xi’an urban parks were submitted, wishing to be a highly-efficient reference in the planting design of Xi’an urban parks.更多还原