【作者】 杨骏；

【导师】 秦孟昊；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 建筑学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着世界能源危机的出现,能源的供给与需求关系矛盾愈发明显,各国纷纷提出节能减排的战略方针。作为能源消耗的重要部分,建筑能耗对于节能减排的重要影响逐渐被更多人关注。同时,随着我国经济的高速发展,人们也更多地追求更好的建筑环境,而这又会导致消耗更多的能源,这给整个建筑行业乃至全社会的节能减排带来更大挑战。作为被动式节能方式,多孔调湿材料因其对于建筑节能及建筑环境的重要影响进入人们视野。多孔调湿材料在室内空气相对湿度较高时会吸收空气中的水蒸气,降低室内空气相对湿度；而在室内空气相对湿度较低时,调湿材料又会将吸收的水蒸气释放到室内空气中,增加室内空气相对湿度。多孔调湿材料所具有的这种对室内湿气高吸低放的特性可以调节室内空气相对湿度,进而影响建筑的热湿能耗。因此,研究多孔调湿材料的吸放湿特性对于改善建筑室内热湿环境及建筑节能具有重要意义。本文通过数值模拟及实验研究两种方法探究了多孔调湿材料对建筑室内热湿环境的影响。数值模拟部分主要分析了三种多孔调湿材料热湿计算模型(热湿空气流动耦合模型-HAM、有效湿容模型-EC、有效湿渗透模型-EMPD)在不同空调系统、不同气候条件下的能耗模拟准确性及适用性,进而分析了多孔调湿材料对住宅建筑(房间在夜间使用)空调系统能耗的影响。首先使用HAM-Tools软件模拟了湿热气候下使用辐射式空调系统的住宅建筑中热湿计算模型的能耗模拟准确性及适用性,随后分析了多孔调湿材料在此种条件下对于住宅建筑能耗的影响及多孔调湿材料的在此种条件下的适用性。进而使用EnergyPlus软件模拟了湿热、温和、干热三种气候条件下使用对流式空调系统的住宅建筑中多孔调湿材料不同热湿计算模型的能耗模拟准确性及适用性,随后分析了多孔调湿材料在三种气候下对于住宅建筑能耗的影响及材料的适用性。实验研究部分主要探究了多孔调湿材料湿缓冲现象及不同多孔调湿材料湿缓冲值(MBV)。主要制作了新型相变蓄能与硅藻泥混合材料、纤维硅藻泥材料,测量了该2种材料与其它3种常见多孔材料在热湿气候下的湿缓冲值,实验针对环境温度及相对湿度区间作了定量改变,以探究环境温度及实验中相对湿度区间对于多孔调湿材料湿缓冲值的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 With energy crisis coming, the contradiction between energy supply and energy demand is intense. Countries are making strategic approaches to saving energy. The importance of building energy consumption to the energy conservation has attracted broad attention. Meanwhile, people are pursuing better building environment as the country’s economy is rapidly developing. But better building environment generally means more energy consumption. This is a great challenge for the building construction industry as well as the entire country.As a passive energy saving method, the porous hygroscopic materials have attracted attentions because of its importance to building energy conservation and building environment. Porous hygroscopic materials absorb the vapor in the air when indoor relative humidity is high and decrease indoor relative humidity. When indoor relative humidity is low, the hygroscopic materials release the vapor back into the air and increase indoor relative humidity. The moisture effects of porous hygroscopic materials buffer the indoor relative humidity and affect the building energy consumption. Therefore, the moisture buffering effects of porous hygroscopic materials on the indoor hygrothermal conditions is important and has a great influence on improving the indoor environment and saving energy at the same time.This thesis studies the moisture effects of porous hygroscopic materials on the indoor hygrothermal conditions through numerical simulation and experimental research. The numerical simulation analyzed the building energy simulation accuracy and applicability of three moisture buffer calculation methods (heat-air-moisture transfer model-HAM, effective capacitance model-EC, effective moisture penetration depth model-EMPD) of porous hygroscopic materials with different air-conditioning systems and different climate conditions and analyzed the moisture effects of porous hygroscopic materials on residential building energy consumption. First, HAM-Tools is used for the analysis of a residential building with radiation air-conditioning systems under hot and humid climate. Then, EnergyPlus is used for the analysis of the residential building with convective air-conditioning systems under three climate conditions (hot/humid, temperate, hot/dry).The experimental research studied the moisture buffer values of different porous hygroscopic materials. Two new porous hygroscopic materials were made. Their moisture buffer value (MBV) are tested with three common materials under hot and humid climate. The experiment also made some changes to the environmental temperature and relative humidity levels to study the environmental temperature and relative humidity levels on the MBV of the porous hygroscopic materials. The whole thesis contains about 51 000 words,70 pictures and charts.更多还原